ORGANIZATION OF OBSERVATION AS A METHODOLOGICAL MODEL

Sklyarov D. S.                                                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-9-19

Abstract. 

The article considers observation from the point of view of its operational component – the organization of a specific series of activities aimed at achieving a predetermined goal. In the first part of the article, the main elements of observation as a cognitive activity are discussed in very general terms, in particular, the significance, prerequisites for distinguishing observation as a separate method of cognition, and a more relevant definition and structure of the method is given based on previously published works. The second part of the article is devoted to the consideration of the issue of observer qualification as an important element of the effectiveness of observation. The role of the observer and the requirements for them in the natural and social sciences are considered, the characteristic features that determine the quality of the observer’s work are highlighted based on the features of the practical implementation of the method. The third part of the article introduces the concept of a methodological model of observation as a combination of material resources and methods of their application, depending on the specific conditions of activity. The key features of individual methodological models are highlighted, the concepts of means and methods of observation are clarified, practical examples for the case of direct and inverted problems of determining a methodological model are considered. The ultimate goal of the work is to propose a framework for research planning, the basic method of which is observation.

Keywords: 

С. 9-19

LANGUAGE MENTALITY AS A SOCIAL-INDIVIDUAL PHENOMENON: FEATURES OF UNDERSTANDING IN THE CONTEXT OF THE “IDENTITY MATRIX” MODEL

Polezhayev D. V.                                                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-20-30

Abstract. 

The phenomenon of language, one of the spheres of culture, “works” in the system of mentality as one of the deep-psychic, functional settings, as well as a socio-cultural setting. The language setting of the mentality is the basis of self-determination of an individual, a social group and a large community of people – society, state, civilization, culture. The research problem is that language and language attitudes influence human perception, evaluation and behavior, and this must be taken into account in educational and upbringing activities. Language mentality largely determines the social and individual self-determination of the subject. It becomes the source of the social determination of the subject in the process of mastering the surrounding natural and social reality. The multilevel phenomenon of linguistic mentality has a certain historical extension. The “picture of the world” gradually changes over time, remaining relatively stable in the space of temporality. The comparative-historical approach in the study of mental phenomena allows us to compare the “worlds of everyday life” that take shape in certain historical times and eras. In the space of modern all-Russian civic identity, the sphere of linguistic mentality is one of the essential elements of the 16-bit author’s concept, which is called the “Identity Matrix”. The “Identity Matrix” contains the most important structural-content and value-semantic constants for self-determination of the subject. The philosophical and educational focus of the “Identity Matrix” emphasizes the focus of our proposed construction on the sociological study of identification structures in the space of modern Russian education with the possibility of highlighting weaknesses and adjusting them towards strengthening.

Keywords: 

С. 20-30

GENESIS OF CHATBOTS AND THEIR DEVELOPMENT IN EDUCATION

Boguslavskaya T. N., Boguslavsky M. V.,
Neborsky E. V.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-67-77

Abstract. 

Chatbots have actually become an integral part of everyday human practices and social relations. Voice assistants such as Siri, Alice, Marusya, etc., play games and charades with children, control smart homes, entertain and help plan things, and Internet chatbots help apply for insurance or find the right section on government services web portal, find information about stock quotes or weather forecasts. The purpose of the article is to characterize the genesis of chatbots and their development in education.

Keywords:

chatbots, internet bots, virtual interlocutors, voice assistants, history of digital technologies, history of digital educational technologies, digital technologies, digital educational technologies, digital revolution, digitalization of education, digital transformation tools.

С. 67-77

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF ADDITIONAL PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Sudin A. A.                                       DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-78-83

Abstract. 

In the rapidly developing modern world, following scientific discoveries, the process of the emergence of new and improvement of existing technologies, production and social activities is extremely intensive. The state is putting forward new tasks for working citizens aimed at ensuring the life of the population in the future society. Consequently, professional competencies in most areas of the economy are also changing. The labor market is becoming more and more competitive. And in order to meet the requirements of society and constantly increase their professional growth, specialists in any field of activity in modern Russia cannot do without additional professional education, which is implemented through professional retraining and advanced training programs. In our article, we will consider advantages and disadvantages of additional vocational education, as well as its importance in the higher education system in the Russian Federation.

Keywords:

additional professional education, labor market, modern Russia, advantages, disadvantages, importance of education.

С. 78-83

INTEGRATED APPROACH TO DETERMINING THE CONTENT OF LINGUODIDACTICS AS AN ACADEMIC DISCIPLINE

Reutov M. I.                                            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-84-96

Abstract. 

The article is devoted to the problem of resolving contradictions in approaches to defining the essence and content of linguodidactics as an academic discipline. The fundamental differences between the concepts of linguodidactics as a branch of linguistics that deals with the description of a language for educational purposes, and as a branch of methodological science, which forms a general theory of language proficiency and mastery in the educational environment, complicate the highlighting of the unitary subject of this academic discipline. The integrated approach proposed in the article is an attempt to change the paradigm of denying the old linguodidactic theory by new innovative concepts. It implies transition to the principle of continuity between the fundamental (linguistic) and interdisciplinary areas of linguodidactics. The linguistic approach to the content of linguodidactics is considered as a fundamental basis for interdisciplinary research. The definition of the unitary object, subject and the range of tasks of linguodidactics is a prerequisite for the solution to the problem. Defining the features of the interaction of linguodidactics with other sciences and academic disciplines and creating its unified conceptual and terminological glossary are also essential in this respect.

Keywords:

integrative approach, linguodidactics, methods of teaching foreign languages, methodological science, linguodidactic research, object of research, subject of research, conceptual and terminological glossary.

С. 84-96

RESISTANCE TO “FRENCH” EDUCATION IN THE ERA OF RUSSIAN ENLIGHTENMENT

Kolobkova A. A.                                               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-97-106

Abstract. 

The article examines certain aspects of the manifestations of the harm of “French” education through the prism of the views of Russian statesmen, whose primary task was the preservation of the national identity of the Russian people. The attitude towards the “French” education of Nikolai Semenovich Mordvinov, Alexander Semenovich Shishkov, Fyodor Vasilyevich Rostopchin is analyzed, with specific measures aimed at eradicating the practice of raising Russian children by foreign tutors, suppressing the hidden propaganda of French culture, and preventing the French from implementing their plan to denigrate the Russian people.

Keywords:

“French” education, Russian language, French language, foreign tutors, Gallomania.

С. 97-106

CRAFTS IN THE LABOR TRAINING OF STUDENTS IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE OF THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY

Finogeeva T. E.                                            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-107-117

Abstract. 

The labor training of students of general education institutions allows them to form a set of skills and abilities necessary for their further socialization and professional adaptation. The importance of labor training is confirmed by the adoption of legislative acts providing for the study by schoolchildren of the educational subject “Labor (technology)”, the participation of students in socially useful work. Understanding the importance of labor training determines the need to build an effective system of labor (technological) education for schoolchildren. The analysis of the historical experience of organizing the study of crafts in the labor training of students in the Russian Empire in the early twentieth century will make it possible to form an effective system of labor (technological) education of schoolchildren at the present stage. The analysis of academic and pedagogical research devoted to various aspects of the study of crafts in the labor training of students in the Russian Empire of the early twentieth century is carried out. The features of teaching crafts are considered using the example of various types of educational institutions: craft workshops, labor schools, mining schools, craft departments at public schools, schools of free education.

Keywords:

craft, labor training, mining schools, craft workshops, school of free education, system of labor (technological) education, professionalization of training.

С. 107-117

THE PECULIARITIES OF PRESENTING THE PROBLEMS OF SCHOOL PERFORMANCE ON THE PAGES OF THE JOURNALS “SOVIET PEDAGOGY” AND “RADYANSKA SCHOOL” (THE 1950s)

Krivko I. P., Goncharov M. A.                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-118-131

Abstract. 

The article examines the reflection of the problem of academic performance in the leading republican journals of the RSFSR – “Soviet Pedagogy” and the Ukrainian SSR – “Radyanska school”. It has been established that in the 1950s, the concept of recording academic performance was transformed into the plane of testing students’ knowledge, skills, and abilities, which caused a wave of publications on academic performance, record keeping, and assessment of students’ knowledge. The fundamental articles in the journal “Soviet Pedagogy” are presented, which set the tone for public discussion on its pages, which resulted in the formulation of the basic principle of monitoring academic performance in a Soviet school – the presence of a teaching and upbringing component, as well as an individual approach to the student. The article also discusses issues related to ensuring student academic performance in connection with the polytechnicnization of school and teacher requirements in the new environment.

Keywords:

pedagogical periodicals, publications, the journal “Soviet Pedagogy”, the journal “Radyanska school”, academic performance, record keeping and assessment, survey, student, teacher.

С. 118-131

PECULIARITIES OF FUTURE TEACHERS' UNDERSTANDING OF THE RISKS OF USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EDUCATION

Noskova T. N., Yakovleva O. V.                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-132-145

Abstract.  

The need for research and application of artificial intelligence in educational practices is due to the current change in technological structures and changes in the labour market. Artificial intelligence (AI) is analysed as a critically important and promising tool in the digital learning environment (DLE) based on the author’s concepts of DLE and its values. It is shown that, along with the capabilities in solving professional problems of a teacher and supporting a student, AI carries a range of content, communication, and management risks, as well as risks associated with the development of the personality of the subject of DLE. The results of an empirical study of the characteristics of future teachers’ understanding of the risks of using AI in education are presented. Pedagogical university students see the risks of AI both in the teaching profession and in the broader humanitarian context. The analysis of the survey shows that students have an insufficiently formed and consolidated understanding of the identified issues and indicates the need to include issues of the use of AI in the content of academic disciplines, educational programs and modules, as well as educational work with future teachers.

Keywords:

С. 132-145

ORGANIZATION OF ART-EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES IN THE SYSTEM OF FUTURE TEACHERS’ PROFESSIONAL TRAINING

Shevchenko A. V.                                         DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-146-159

Abstract.  

The article is devoted to the problem of organizing art-pedagogical activities of students in the educational process of a university in the context of a system-activity approach based on the relationship between general pedagogical and artistic activities, its influence on the professional orientation of future teachers, expressed by their subjective intentions to implement this relationship in the educational process of a modern school. In accordance with this approach, art-pedagogical activity is considered as one of the leading types in the structure of a teacher’s professional activity, a characteristic feature of which is the manifestation of creative activity in the process of solving the problems of teaching and upbringing using the potential of art. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the conditions and functions of art-pedagogical activities that ensure improvement of the quality of training of future teachers. Using specific examples in the content of the disciplines of the pedagogical cycle, the organizational and methodological tools for the implementation of art-pedagogical activities in the educational process are revealed. The results of a survey to identify students’ awareness of the need to use the means of art in professional and pedagogical activities are presented.

Keywords:

С. 146-159

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION PRACTICES AT THE PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT OF THE STATE INSTITUTE OF THEATRE ARTS – GITIS AND THE MOSCOW ART THEATRE SCHOOL

Терехов Д. М.                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-160-169

Abstract.  

The article provides a comparative analysis of the practical programs of the production faculties of the Moscow Art Theater School and GITIS. The purpose of the study is to identify the strengths of these programs and evaluate their impact on graduate employment. Practical skills play a key role in the career start of a young specialist, including a theater producer. A properly structured practice program helps to qualitatively develop these skills, and the final result of the educational process depends on the order and duration of the disciplines.

The research is based on regulations, the works researching issues of education in general and practice in particular, and statistical data on the employment of graduates. At GITIS, internships are evenly distributed across courses and include various tasks in several organizations, which allows students to gain a variety of professional experience. At the Moscow Art Theater School, the main load falls on the final year, which ensures a smooth transition from study to work, but can overload students.

The research methodology is based on a quantitative approach: the article calculates and compares various indicators of practices at GITIS and Moscow Art Theater School, such as the average percentage of graduates being employed, the total duration of practice and stratification by year. Based on the data obtained, assumptions are made about the optimal structure of educational practice. The strengths and weaknesses of each program are emphasized and methodological guidelines that can improve them are given. 

In conclusion, it is stated that carefully designed and evenly distributed practical programs contribute to a higher level of professional training and successful employment of graduates.

Keywords:

С. 160-169

DIAGNOSTICS OF POLICE OFFICERS’ PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE DEVELOPMENT

Seleznev V. I., Rodionov M. A.                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-170-184

Abstract.  

This work is devoted to considering the problem of diagnosing the development of professional competence of police officers. The authors identified parameters for optimizing the process of initial professional training in the educational organization of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, reflecting the possibilities of improving the content of professional competence. Criteria and indicators have been defined, characteristics of the levels of professional preparedness for activities in the position of a police officer have been identified and justified. The results of diagnostics of police officers’ professional competence formation in the course of experimental work (ascertaining, formative, control stages and the stage of testing the reproducibility and reliability of the results) are presented. Particular attention is paid to testing the reliability and accuracy of the data obtained, subjected to special qualitative and quantitative analysis.

Keywords:

С. 170-184

FUNCTIONAL AND PHENOMENOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE THEOLOGICAL COMPETENCE OF A TEACHER (ORTHODOX CONTEXT)

Kazantsev D. A. (igumen Christopher).                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-185-194

Abstract.  

The article examines the pedagogical phenomenon of theological competence, which is significant in the context of teaching the “Fundamentals of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics” course in general education organizations. Theological competence is understood as an essential ideological emotional-intellectual subphenomenon for a teacher, which is a product of the teacher’s targeted acquisition of Orthodox theological knowledge. 

The author provides interpretations of theological competence – as a social-individual pedagogical phenomenon and as a theoretical concept / category of social and humanitarian knowledge, especially emphasizing the functional and phenomenological aspects of its ideological component. Phenomenological understanding of theological competence is presented by the author, on the one hand, as work that is important from the point of view of theoretical analysis within the framework of the mental approach to understanding the features of interaction between subjects of education. On the other hand, this is a praxeologically necessary act of teacher self-identification.

Keywords:

С. 185-194

MODEL OF RISK CULTURE FORMATION IN FUTURE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS

Khalmuratova Sh. B.                                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-195-201

Abstract.  

In addition to the educational function, the education system is also responsible for moral education and the formation of the information culture of students. These tasks are strategically important for any society, especially in the context of globalization, where information technologies are rapidly penetrating all spheres of life. The relevance of information culture issues in education requires in-depth academic study and the development of effective methods. The article presents a model for the formation of riskological competence of future primary school teachers, aimed at developing their knowledge, skills and abilities in the field of identification, analysis, forecasting and management of pedagogical risks. The model includes three stages: theoretical, practical and reflective. At the theoretical stage, students study the basics of risk theory and riskology, methods for assessing and predicting educational risks, and strategies for managing them. At the practical stage, they develop the skills to identify and analyze risks, develop risk management plans, implement these plans and evaluate their effectiveness. At the reflective stage, students assess their risk competence, analyze their teaching activities from the point of view of risk management and develop an individual self-improvement program.

Keywords:

С. 195-201

USING LITERARY TEXTS IN TEACHING THE READING AND WRITING MODULE IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE CLASSES IN PHILOLOGICAL UNIVERSITIES

Fayzieva N. Sh.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-202-211

Abstract.  

The article provides information on the use of literary texts in teaching the Reading and Writing module in English classes at philological universities. At the same time, it gives information about the importance of interaction between the teacher and students in the learning process. It also outlines a general understanding of teaching methodology and focuses on how a teacher should constructively build the educational process to achieve the desired positive results.

Keywords:

С. 202-211

INTEGRATING REGULAR AND EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES IN THE SUBJECT AREA “LIFE SAFETY” IN GRADES 10–11

Kononova E. I.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-212-220

Abstract.  

The article discusses the main methodological conditions for the implementation of an experimental methodology for the development of students’ safety culture in the process of integrating regular and extracurricular activities in grades 10–11 and its practical applications in the educational process of the school.

Keywords:

С. 212-220

AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO ASSESSING SCHOOL STUDENTS' EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS IN BIOLOGY

Bobryashova I. A., Teremov A. V.,
Grishaeva Yu. M.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-221-232

Abstract.  

The paper considers an integrated approach to assessing the educational achievements of school students in biology. The necessity to take into account the level of knowledge acquisition is justified as well as the conduction of an assessment procedure based on criteria and indicators that allow not only to state the subject-specific achievement levels of students, but also measures the awareness and effectiveness of the knowledge acquisition.

Keywords:

С. 221-232

IMPLEMENTATION OF AN ALGORITHMIC APPROACH IN TEACHING ENGINEERING GRAPHICS

Ternovskaуa O. V., Ivlev A. N.,
Ternovskaya E. Yu.                                       DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-233-241

Abstract.  

The problems of modern graphic education are considered, algorithmization of the educational process as one of the ways to increase the effectiveness of teaching is analyzed. An example of algorithmization of a separate topic on engineering graphics is given, the results obtained are analyzed and conclusions are drawn on the topic under study.

Keywords:

С. 233-241

USING THE INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT FOR CHEMISTRY HOMEWORK

Jamolova N. J.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-242-250

Abstract.  

During the structuring of students’ independent activity within the classroom setting, educators employ both traditional methods and the tools of modern information technologies, known as educational information environments. 

The limited scope of instructional content provided in textbooks constrains the full exploitation of informational environments for the development of students’ cognitive skills. Homework, perceived as a form of independent work, possesses substantial potential to stimulate and enhance students’ cognitive activity. In class, students master techniques of independent learning, and while engaging with homework, they independently manage the time required for its completion and select strategies for solving the tasks at hand. The integration of modern informational environments into the educational process is now considered an essential requirement. The interaction between informational environments and academic subjects represents one of the priority challenges of contemporary school education. 

This article explores various types of chemistry homework assignments for students in general education schools, describes the significance of the informational environment in the execution of these assignments, provides guidelines for the use of information technologies, and presents a methodology for completing assignments on the topic of “The Atomic Structure of Halogens using an Informational Environment”.

Keywords:

С. 242-250

USING PODCASTS IN RFL CLASSES

Grishkova L. V.                                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-251-257

Abstract.  

Recently, there has been increasing interest in research in the field of teaching Russian as a foreign language (RFL). The number of students studying Russian is constantly growing, which is associated with the increasing role of the Russian language in the academic environment. The ultimate goal of training is to master the Russian language as a means of communication. Students must learn to express their thoughts, understand their interlocutors, interpret and reproduce information received from audio and video recordings in oral and written form.

Keywords:

С. 174-181

QUALITIES FORMING THE PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY OF FUTURE TEACHERS IN THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION

Dzhumagulov M. T.                                               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-258-267

Abstract. 

The article deals with the results of theoretical research of personal qualities as important components of the professional identity of future teachers formed in the conditions of the ongoing economic transformation of the Russian society, as well as the need to guide and control this process in the national higher school.

Keywords:

professional identity, future teachers, professional qualities, economic transformation, education.

С. 258-267

SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY DOCTRINES OF TRUTH: EDWARD HERBERT
AND RENE DESCARTES

Sorokina T. B.                                                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-6-9-16

Abstract. 

The article compares the teachings of Herbert and Descartes on the nature of true knowledge. Scientific communication between philosophers became possible thanks to the correspondence organized by M. Mersenne. On the basis of Descartes’ letters, his work “Discourse on Method”, Herbert’s treatise “On Truth”, the fundamental similarity of their epistemological approaches is shown. The revealed disagreements may testify to the multi-level nature of the philosophical analysis of truth, and to the lack of adequate terminology, and to the nonlinearity of the formation of classical rationalism.

Keywords: 

С. 9-16

DIGITAL SUBCULTURES: THE INCLUSION OF REPRESENTATIVES OF DIFFERENT AGE GENERATIONS IN THE MODERN DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT

Titkova A. D.                                                   DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-6-25-37

Abstract. 

The article attempts to comprehend the degree of human involvement in the digital environment. Against the theory of generations, the analysis of the process of assimilating the digital reality by representatives of different generations is carried out. The degree of integration of representatives of different generations with the digital environment is outlined. The author proposes a classification of digital subcultures to determine the degree of involvement of representatives of different generations into the internet space.

Keywords: 

digital subculture, digital generations, theory of generations, online environment, information environment, the Internet.

С. 25-37

NETWORK INTERACTION OF THE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY WITH SOCIAL PARTNERS: THE CLUSTER FORMAT

Baykhanov I. B.                                       DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-6-46-54

Abstract. 

Effective activities of a pedagogical university require network interaction with employers, schools, scientific and cultural institutions as social partners. One of the promising organizational formats for such network interaction can be a cluster organization. An integrated approach can act as a methodological basis for the creation and activities of a scientific and educational cluster.

Keywords:

cluster, network interaction of the pedagogical university, social partners, the integrated approach.

С. 46-54

MODERN TRENDS IN VICTIMOLOGY SCIENCE AS A BASIS FOR ENSURING THE SAFETY OF CHILDREN AND YOUTH IN THE FACE OF CHALLENGES AND THREATS FROM DIGITAL SOCIETY

Gromova O. N., Ryzhova N. I.                              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-6-55-69

Abstract. 

The article actualizes the problems of ensuring life safety in the conditions of formation of digital society, in particular, the issues of victimization of such a social group as children and the young. Being active users of social networks, this group of the Russian population is often exposed to the negative impact of information and finds themselves in the epicenter of conflict situations. In this regard, the article may be of particular importance for socio-pedagogical research activities in the designated problematic, within the framework of which special attention is paid to counteracting various digital threats and challenges of our time that are harmful to children and the young.

Keywords:

challenges of our time, risks, threats, victimhood, victimization, a victim, children, the young, victim safety, a victimological activity. professional readiness for the victimological activity.

С. 55-69

THE CONCEPTUAL BASIS FOR THE FORMATION OF “4C” COMPETENCIES IN STUDENTS: CREATIVITY, CRITICAL THINKING, COMMUNICATION AND COOPERATION

Niyozov A. K., Salimova S. F.,
Nurmurodova M. A.                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-6-70-81

Abstract. 

In the paper, the competency-based strategy and the concept of “Competencies of the 21st Century” are examined in relation with the educational process and the development of critical thinking, cooperation, communication, and students’ creativity. The article examines the issue of implementing developmental education through the formation of the subject competency. The content of the subject competency of a chemistry lesson and the methodology for its development are discussed. The authors offer methods, forms and principles for developing four 21st century competencies to students who major in this field of study.

Keywords:

the “4C” concept, the competency-based approach, a competency, coordination, creativity, critical thinking, communication, collaboration.

С. 70-81

TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF EFFECTIVE PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICES OF THE SOVIET SCHOOL

Milovanov K. Yu.                                              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-6-82-92

Abstract. 

The article deals with the problems of studying selected trends in the development of effective pedagogical practices of the Soviet school in the 1950–1980-s. The importance of studying the retrospective experience of the creation and functioning of mass and unique scientific and methodological systems, pedagogical practices and proprietary schools is substantiated. The periodization of the development of the national system of general education from the second half of the 1950-s and up to the collapse of the Soviet statehood is proposed. The political and ideological conditions of the development of secondary schools in this historical period are considered. The goals, objectives, typology, content of activities, external and internal factors of the development of effective pedagogical practices are characterized. The selected personalities of scientists, innovative teachers and participants of the national socio-pedagogical movement who influenced the formation and implementation of the best pedagogical practices in the general education system of the USSR are presented.

Keywords:

effective pedagogical practices, pedagogical innovation, the proprietary school, the Soviet system of general education, the history of pedagogy, the history of education.

С. 82-92

PEDAGOGICS OF COMBAT CONDITIONS: MORAL CHOICE FOR EVERYONE OR MODERN WAY TO FORM POLITICO-MILITARY EDUCATION

Govorukhin G. E., Rogozin M. L.,
Kim V. V.                                                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-6-93-102

Abstract.  

The article examines the processes that take place in the modern Russian society, when one of the factors is the Special military operation (SMO). The changes under the study touch upon not only geopolitical and economic reality, but social and political bases, world view values of social layers as well. Active construction of the new state ideology is in process, and traditional values of Russian society are to be put in its foundation. In this case we consider it to be necessary to involve pedagogical community into solving problems of politico-military education in combat conditions as well as supporting the morale of the armed forces. The authors settle the question concerning the importance of the politico-military education in the frames of the front activity and offer some techniques of the politico-military work in combat conditions.

Keywords:

С. 93-102

ETHNO-CULTURAL ASSERTIVENESS AS A PROFESSIONALLY SIGNIFICANT PERSONAL QUALITY OF A PRE-SERVICE OFFICER IN THE CONTENT OF THE PHENOMENON OF INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATION CULTURE

Matveev D. E., Belovolov V. A.,
Belovolova S. P., Sultanbekov T. I.                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-6-103-117

Abstract.  

The article was prepared in the context of preparing cadets of military institutes for future professional activities, its high degree of social responsibility for national security and the defense capability of the state. In this regard, there is an increase in the role of the sociocultural characteristics and personality traits of an officer, formed by various means of the multicultural educational environment of a military university, is increasing, in the role of studying the problem of improving the process of professional training of future officers by designing a methodological training system, forming professionally significant personal qualities of cadets in the context of ethno-cultural education.

The article presents the results of a theoretical and methodological analysis of the problem of the formation of ethno-cultural assertiveness as a professionally significant personal quality of a pre-service officer in the content of the phenomenon of culture of interethnic communication, a positive intercultural dialogue, skills and abilities that provide a mechanism for the implementation of intercultural communication and interethnic interaction with representatives of other nationalities, resolution of interethnic conflicts.

The issue of designing the training of a military university cadets to cultivate a culture of interethnic communication with military personnel, to resolve interethnic conflicts on the basis of the formation of the ethno-cultural assertiveness as a professionally significant personal quality of a pre-service officer is considered.

Keywords:

С. 103-117

DEVELOPING STUDENTS' SELF-STUDY SKILLS IN THE CONTEXT
OF DIGITAL EDUCATION

Wu Pengfei, Sergeeva M. G.                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-6-118-130

Abstract.  

The article examines the influence of individual typological characteristics of students on the productivity of their independent work (SIW) in the context of the introduction of innovative technologies. The authors of the article note that the SIW is an integral part of the modern educational process and should be aimed at the development of cognitive activity, independence and creative thinking of students. The use of innovative technologies in the SIW makes it possible to increase the efficiency of acquiring educational material by students, to develop their mental and creative abilities, to increase their interest and activity in learning. The authors of the article identify 10 typological groups of students according to their academic performance, level of academic motivation and efficiency. Based on the results of the study, the authors of the article propose to differentiate the SIW in accordance with the individual typological characteristics of students. The experimental data confirms that this approach improves the productivity of the SIW and promotes the development of students’ independence.

Keywords:

С. 118-130

INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL PROBLEMS ON PROFESSIONAL SOCIALIZATION OF PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Esikova T. V.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-6-131-142

Abstract.  

The article, based on a theoretical analysis of the literature, examines the social problems of modern society, which are factors in the socialization of the young. The results of the empirical study are characterized; it was found that students of a pedagogical university are stimulated by modern problems of society to seek answers to emerging questions about the socialization of the younger generation. A hypothetical model of purposeful socialization of students at a pedagogical university is presented. The results of the control empirical study showed that students received the necessary knowledge; in the process of research, a transformation of professional socialization took place from spontaneous to purposeful.

Keywords:

С. 131-142

MODELING IN THE DIAGNOSTIC ACTIVITY OF A PRE-SERVICE TEACHER AS THE MAIN METHOD OF NEW EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES

Kolesov V. I., Arkhipovskaya E. P.,
Kuznetsova I. A.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-6-143-151

Abstract.  

The relevance of this study is due to the growing popularity of the modeling method in the Russian education system. Since the beginning of the XXI century, this method has been increasingly used by various educators for their research in order to improve the educational process. However, despite this, due to the complexity of the modeling process itself and its workload, this method is still not widespread enough, which significantly slows down the introduction of new educational technologies. In this regard, the relevance of this study is put down to an attempt to systematize and process available information on the modeling method and the opportunities that it opens up within the framework of teaching in colleges of further education of modules “fundamentals of pedagogy”, “fundamentals of psychology”, “preschool pedagogy” from the general vocational cycle of the Federal State Educational Standard for Vocational Education in the specialty 44.02.02 Teaching in primary grades (The order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation dated 08/17/2022 No. 742), to optimize pedagogical diagnostics.

Keywords:

С. 143-151

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TRADITIONAL SPIRITUAL AND MORAL VALUES WITH THE HELP OF SHORT STORY WRITING ONLINE MENTORSHIP

Boguslavsky M. V., Simonenko N. Y.             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-6-152-164

Abstract.  

The article reveals essential aspects of online mentorship in short story and collective books writing. Its main goal is to form and develop spiritual and moral value orientations of Russian schoolchildren who demonstrate professional achievements in the field of science, art and sports. The need for such work is stated and the effect of two years of its implementation is described in detail. The project became the winner during the All-Russian pedagogical expedition “From Teacher to Scientist. Roads of citizenship” and is included into the All-Russian encyclopedia of civic-patriotic pedagogical practices, compiled by the project “My Country – My Russia” with the support of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation.

Keywords:

С. 152-164

NEW MEDIA AND PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF JOURNALISTS

Druzhinin A. M.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-6-165-173

Abstract.  

New media in general and social networks in particular have radically changed the order and structure of the dissemination, production, broadcast and rebroadcast of socially significant information. Traditional media have also become partially dependent on new formats: press, TV and radio. These trends are clearly recognized by all subjects – participants in the educational process during the vocational training of journalists. However, the changing media landscape raises new questions for teachers and students about the degree of their own participation in new media and the role of new formats in the formation and adjustment of educational programs. The risks and challenges that arise with the active introduction of social networks into educational programs are associated with the general problems of “growing” of this phenomenon into the social life of society. Nowadays, it is sometimes impossible to clearly define the demarcation lines between educational communication means, civic engagement of teachers and students, and the educational impact of social networks on pre-service workers of the media industry. It is even more difficult to characterize these communication means in dynamics. The personal digital brand of both the teacher and the student is already an important part of their intangible resource, and in the future, presumably, the importance of these trends in the professional environment will only increase, therefore, the management of this resource will become increasingly complex.

Keywords:

С. 165-173

THE DIDACTIC POTENTIAL OF INTERVIEWS IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS

Mironenkova N. N.                                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-6-174-181

Abstract.  

The article notes the importance of using communicative teaching methods, namely interviews. Its popularity and relevance in the world are emphasized. The multidirectional nature (it is possible not only to teach, but also to monitor achievements) and polymodality (it serves both as a way of learning, but also as a form of information transfer) of using interviews in the educational process are revealed. Various methodological approaches to the application of interviews both in the educational process and in the context of media transformations are analyzed. As a result, the didactic potential of the interview and the possibilities of its use in the educational process are revealed. The components influencing the effectiveness of conducting interviews and the emergence of feedback from students are identified. These include the author’s style, the author’s intellectual charm, a narrative speech plan, expressive vocabulary, spontaneity, and ease.

Keywords:

С. 174-181

THE CASE STUDY OF USING THE DISTANCE LEARNING SYSTEM IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING MATHEMATICAL DISCIPLINES TO PART-TIME STUDENTS AT ADMIRAL MAKAROV STATE UNIVERSITY OF MARITIME AND INLAND SHIPPING

Pyzhurina N. F., Savelyeva M. N.,
Pastushok E. M., Tokareva O. I.                   DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-6-182-194

Abstract.  

The concept of personnel training for the transport complex until 2035, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 02.06.2021 No. 255-r, suggests a systemic restructuring based on digital solutions of all business processes of transport educational organizations. The key trend of the systemic restructuring is the massive introduction of distance learning technologies, e-learning, as well as the development of hybrid models that combine elements of both online and offline learning. The hybrid models allow one to combine the best practices of both formats, giving students flexibility and access to resources, but at the same time maintaining the possibility of personal interaction with teachers.

More than five years ago, Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping introduced a distance learning system (DLS in modifications of the SDO “Farvater” and SDO) based on the Moodle platform. The DLS SDO provided the university’s teaching staff with not only the opportunity to use modern digital technologies in the learning process, but also the opportunity to organize their work in a new way. Over the years, the university has accumulated a lot of experience in applying the SDO system in the learning process in all subjects, especially when teaching Mathematics to part-time students..

Keywords:

С. 182-194

CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING THE QUALITY OF ONLINE RHETORIC COURSES OFFERED ON THE INTERNET

Anisimova T. V., Boincheanu G. I.         DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-6-195-209

Abstract.  

The article raises the question of the need to develop clear criteria for analyzing the quality of online courses designed to update and deepen people’s knowledge in relevant scientific areas. The parameters of the preliminary assessment of the course by the listener are formulated, which are necessary in order to choose a professionally designed and useful course. Both positive examples of presentations of such courses and examples of presentations of courses containing significant errors are given. The principles of the final assessment of the quality of courses have been developed, which should be considered after a full acquaintance with the training program. The names of the courses devoted to the development of students’ rhetorical competence are analyzed, which allowed us to establish some patterns between the choice of name and the quality of the content. The authors conclude that it is necessary to describe in detail the parameters of the rhetorical competence, which will allow one to determine the quality of courses offered on the Internet more accurately.

Keywords:

С. 195-209

STILL LIFE PAINTING IN THE EDUCATIONAL AND CREATIVE TRAINING OF AN ARTIST-TEACHER

Ignatyev S. E., Chernaya L. V.                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-6-210-221

Abstract.  

The article discusses a still-life painting in the educational and creative training of an artist-teacher. The problem of advancing the level of training an Art teacher in the modern system of education is raised; the ways to solve this problem with the help of applying the method of the still-life setting by both teacher and students are suggested. This method is based on the educational and creative tasks when organizing the still-life setting. Analysis of the effectiveness of the method is presented in the way of a pedagogical experiment which was conducted in natural conditions at practical classes in painting among students majoring in 44.03.01 “Pictorial Art” track of training. The methodology is rooted in N. N. Rostovtsev’s scientific school of thought, based on the life drawing, which is the leading technique of the artistic training. The research basis is the strategy of the artistic education within which the program of training and education of an artist-teacher, where the still-life painting is pivotal, is worked out. In conclusion, the importance of the method of the still-life setting applying educational and creative tasks when developing vocational skills of a pre-service Art teacher is proved.

Keywords:

С. 210-221

LINGUODIDACTIC APPROACHES TO THE DIDACTIC ORGANIZATION OF AN INCLUSIVE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE INTERCULTURAL EDUCATION

Troynikova E. V., Khasanova L. I.,
Pikova D. A., Rybakova Yu. I.                       DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-6-222-236

Abstract.  

The article considers linguodidactic approaches to the organization of inclusive educational practices in the system of foreign-language intercultural education, taking into account the influence of the information environment, which has both anthropo-creative and destructive properties of influence on adolescents. The need for linguo-didactic analysis and construction of the goals of foreign language training of students with disabilities, ensuring the development of their individual resources necessary for their successful life in the information society, is determined. Linguodidactic strategies for organizing the process of developing information strategies for students with special needs in the system of foreign language intercultural education through the specific organization of the didactic environment based on relevant scientific and educational approaches are considered.

Keywords:

С. 222-236

THE DEVELOPMENT OF CREATIVE THINKING OF A PRE-SERVICE FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHER IN THE PROCESS OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING AT A PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Gureeva A. V., Khitrova I. V.                              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-6-237-248

Abstract.  

The article reveals the concepts of “pedagogical creativity of a foreign language teacher”, “pedagogical thinking of a foreign language teacher”, gives a psychological characteristic of this type of thinking, highlights the set of skills underlying the development of pedagogical creativity of a language teacher (design, adaptation, organizational, communicative, motivational, control and evaluation), provides criteria for the development of creative pedagogical thinking of a foreign language teacher. Special attention is paid to the description of pedagogical tools that ensure the formation of creative methodological skills in students of language specialties at a pedagogical university.

Keywords:

С. 237-248

METHODOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING GRAMMAR AND SPELLING SKILLS IN JUNIOR SCHOOLCHILDREN AT THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE LESSONS

Bryantseva M. V.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-6-249-259

Abstract.  

Literate writing and coherent speech of a primary school student are among the main fundamental goals of teaching the Russian language at the level of basic school education. Given the enormous importance of spelling literacy in school education, the formation and development of grammatical and spelling skills in students in Russian language lessons of primary school is not always effective. In the preschool age, the child begins the process of learning the language system in verbal communication in a certain speech environment, and they consciously use this language material in the process of schooling. The level of primary general education is of fundamental importance and starts the language education: further education, grammatical, spelling and speech literacy, and the ability to master the native Russian language in written form depend on how fully grammatical and spelling skills are developed in primary school. In the article, during a pedagogical experiment, the author substantiates a system of methods for developing grammatical and spelling skills in primary school students in the Russian language lessons through the use of a comprehensive system of work, including a number of targeted exercises that promote the development of visual, auditory, manual and other factors in learning, and also including a technique for syllabic pronunciation of words in a sentence, etc.

Keywords:

С. 249-259

ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF METHODS FOR ATTRACTING STUDENTS TO REGISTER AND USE ELECTRONIC LIBRARY SYSTEMS

Ambrosenko N. D., Lysak O. A.,
Potapova S. O.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-6-260-274

Abstract.  

The article reveals the importance of libraries as repositories of knowledge and cultural heritage. The issues of library evolution in the era of digital transformation are discussed. The authors draw attention to the need to adapt to the changing needs of the “digital generation”, it is emphasized that ELS should become an integral part of the electronic information environment (EIEE) in an educational institution, providing an opportunity to meet the requirements of the Federal state educational standard of higher education (FSES HE).

The purpose of the study is to consider practical techniques implemented in Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University for the intensification of the use of ELS in the educational process. Methods used: the method of observation and description, systematization. Statistical methods were used to analyze the survey results. The article shows an experimental approach to analyze the effectiveness of the considered techniques aimed at increasing the number of students registered in the ELS and analyzing their further work with library information resources. Attention is paid to the advantages of integrating the Moodle learning management system with ELS, both with information systems, services and content providers.

The main conclusion is that the proposed system for analyzing the effectiveness of measures to intensify the use of ELS should be further used to assess them in conditions of constant transformation of all participants of interaction – electronic library systems, the educational environment of the university, the introduced educational standards, which will allow to timely response to possible deviations and take appropriate corrective measures..

Keywords:

С. 260-274

DEVELOPING RESEARCH SKILLS IN TECHNOLOGY LESSONS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Dulchaeva I. L., Sodnomova N. B.-Ts.         DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-6-275-284

Abstract.  

This article deals with the urgent problem of the development of research skills of younger schoolchildren. The article defines the essence and structure of the concept of “research skills”, examines various approaches of scientists to the development of students’ research skills, considers project activities in technology lessons and extracurricular activities as an effective means of improving research skills; it also presents the case study of school students of the Republic of Buryatia.

Keywords:

С. 275-284