Sunday, 21 May 2023 00:00

PROBLEMS OF MODERN EDUCATION 2023 № 2

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PROBLEMS OF MODERN EDUCATION

№ 2-2023

CONTENTS

 

Philosophy 5.7

 

ONTOLOGY AND EPISTEMOLOGY

 

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VARIATIONS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN QUALIA AND THE SELFHOOD
IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF MIND

Shheglova M. I.                                                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-11-16

Abstract. 

The article substantiates the need to study the relationship between the quality as sense-datum and selfhood. Three variations of this relationship are given: the selfhood as the result of the totality of qualia, the selfhood as a quale of a special kind, and the selfhood as a phenomenon of consciousness that is distinctive from qualia. To justify each position, the views of Strawson, Hume, Parfet, Nagel, and Domasio are cited. A gedanken experiment about the translation of qualia is formulated, on the example of which the author finds internal contradictions in the admitted types of relationships of the studied concepts. The conclusion is made that the separation of selfhood from qualia is logically deductive.

Keywords

quality (sense-datum), selfhood, gedanken experiment, the theory of consciousness, identity, the personality identity.

С. 11-16

 

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OPENNESSS AS AN INTELLECTUAL VIRTUE

Elbakyan A. A.                                                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-17-30

Abstract. 

Virtue epistemology is a non-classic branch of epistemology, which is concerned with intellectual virtues of an epistemic agent. Epistemic virtues are understood either as cognitive abilities, or as those character traits, or personal qualities that are important for cognition. Openness of mind is one of the most prominent intellectual virtues discussed in current literature on virtue epistemology. This article presents an attempt to analyze the concept of openness available in the literature to date, and to compare openness with other types of epistemic virtue, such as intellectual courage and generosity. The findings prove that these virtues can be viewed as different facets of openness, and that, for more sufficient philosophical analysis of openness, other branches of knowledge, such as psychology, should also be considered.

Keywords

virtue epistemology, intellectual virtues, openness, parrhesia, psychology, big five, Nicomachean ethics, intellectual courage, open access.

С. 17-30

 

HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY

  

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PHILOSOPHY AS OPPOSITION AND INTERACTION OF TRADITIONS

Makaryev I. V.                                                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-31-42

Abstract. 

The article attempts, based on modern Western and Russian philosophy, to show that philosophy could be understood not only as the interaction or conflict of individuals, but also as the interaction or conflict of philosophical trends or traditions. Since each of us is not just an individual “i” or even “I”, as each of us is “more” than him- or herself, which means that one of the decisive tasks of modern philosophy is the need to comprehend the question: what is the tradition? The author attempts to answer this question on a specific example of the divergence and new convergence of two influential traditions of the Western philosophical thought: “continental” and “analytical” in the 20th century. This makes it possible to show a new approach to the problem of tradition in philosophical thinking.

Keywords

tradition, authority, prejudice, analytical philosophy, continental philosophy, metaphysics, history, hermeneutical understanding, natural sciences, human studies.

С. 31-42

 

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PREREQUISITES AND DEVELOPMENT OF SYNERGETIC METHODOLOGY
IN THE ORGANIZATION OF EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES

Popchenko E. S.                                                  DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-43-50

Abstract. 

In today’s context, the education system is undergoing constant change to keep pace with the changing world and the discoveries of science. However, the very structure and constituent institutions responsible for generating and transmitting new knowledge require a fundamentally new approach to their organization to ensure more effective learning in secondary and higher education for future generations, as well as a more accelerated and progressive development of science. Synergetics can be considered as one of such methodologies that contributes to a better understanding of the organization of adaptive, complex, and multifaceted systems, actively developing its influence in the minds of many modern philosophers and researchers. In this article, the historical and philosophical formation of synergetics is presented in the context of its application in the field of education system reorganization, which is already being elaborated by educators.

Keywords

science, education, pedagogy, synergetics, man.

С. 43-50

 

SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY

 

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CONFLICT AND BULLYING AS SOCIAL PHENOMENA IN THE MODERN SOCIETY

Galimbekova F. S.                                                  DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-51-57

Abstract. 

This study defines the nature of social conflict and bullying. The novelty of the research is determined by the relevance of the topic, the specifics of methodological approaches, their diversity and effectiveness. The article proposes the solution to the problems associated with bullying and conflict by applying the Conflict Resolution Studies. It is revealed that macro-level conflicts and micro-level conflict behavior are not only interrelated, but also causally conditioned. The study proposes ways to form the integrity of society, as well as recommendations how to prevent and avert bullying. The main ideas of the work were used in the development of the Theory of Conflictology (Conflict Resolution Studies), teaching Philosophy and Sociology, in making managerial decisions, in the media; they were presented at scientific and practical conferences and published in academic journals.

Keywords

conflict, bullying, mobbing, trolling, neo-Freudianism, psychoanalysis, stratification, aggression, Marxism, structural functionalism, constructivism.

С. 51-57

 

 

Psychology 5.3

 

PEDAGOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY, PSYCHODIAGNOSTICS OF DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS

 

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FACILITATION AS AN INNOVATIVE METHOD OF DEVELOPING THE PRE-SERVICE TEACHER’S PROFESSIONAL PERSONALITY

Sorokoumova G. V., Shurygina O. V.                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-58-65

Abstract. 

The article describes pedagogical facilitation as one of the most innovative methods of developthe professional personality of pre-service teachers. The authors analyze distinguishing features of future specialists and professionals in education, professional competences, which must be developed during the educational process, and modern educational technologies, which can be used to form the professional personality of future teachers within the pedagogical universities. Special attention is paid to the study of the method of pedagogical facilitation when developing the professional personality of future teachers. The results of the empirical study show the influence of the pedagogical facilitation method on pre-service teachers’ values and achievement motivation in their pedagogical activity.

Keywords

professional competence, a professional personality of the teacher, innovative methods in education, facilitation, pedagogical facilitation, terminal values.

С. 58-65

 

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FEATURES OF MANIFESTATION OF PROFESSIONAL BURNOUT SYNDROME IN LECTURERS OF ECONOMIC AND MEDICAL FIELDS OF TRAINING

Silchenkova S. V., Tsareva V. M.                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-66-73

Abstract. 

The article presents a study of the level of professional burnout of lecturers of two universities. The levels of professional burnout of lecturers working with students of economic and medical fields of study are compared. The K. Maslach and S. Jackson’s technique was used, which contains three scales: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduction of personal achievements. The study showed that the level of the professional burnout is medium despite the university considered. However, in comparison with the lecturers teaching medical students, those of Economics proved to have a higher level of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, and a lower level of reduction in personal achievements. Possible reasons for this difference are given.

Keywords

a professional burnout, a lecturer, university, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, reduction of personal achievements.

С. 66-73

 

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FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF YOUNGER SCHOOLCHILDREN’S SKILLS
OF SAFE BEHAVIOR IN A RESIDENTIAL BUILDING BEING ON FIRE

Andreeva M. V., Kondaurova O. P.,
Fedenko N. Yu. 
                                               
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-74-89

Abstract. 

The article presents the results of studying the peculiarities of developing the skills of safe behavior of younger schoolchildren in a residential building being on fire. The relevance of the topic is due to the unpreparedness of children for the implementation of actions necessary to save their lives and health in fire. The study showed that the difficulties of younger schoolchildren in implementing safe behavior in a fire situation, insufficient attention to the development of skills and behavioral strategies in the educational process of an educational institution necessitate the development of a secondary school program to form the skills of safe behavior of children in fire in a residential building, considering the identified features of the development of these skills.

Keywords

safe behavior, psychology of safe behavior, fire-safe behavior of schoolchildren, development of safe behavior skills, psychological determinants of safe behavior.

С. 74-89

 

SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC PSYCHOLOGY 

  

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CONCEPTS OF HAPPINESS AS PREDICTORS OF SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING OF CADETS OF THE TROOPS OF THE NATIONAL GUARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Vorozheikin S. A.                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-90-104

Abstract. 

This study examines the characteristics of cadets’ ideas about happiness as predictors of subjective well-being components. Such knowledge will help in the development of programs for the socio-psychological support of military personnel in order to reduce the factors that have a negative impact on their morale and psychological state.

Keywords

predictors of subjective well-being, factors of well-being, ideas about happiness, indicators of happiness.

С. 90-104

 

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DIFFERENCE IN THE PERCEPTING COMMUNICATION WITH JOURNALISTS
BY MEDICAL STUDENTS WITH DIFFERENT LEVEL OF EXTRAVERSION

Knyazev E. B., Sergeev A. S.                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-105-119

Abstract. 

This article presents the results of a study (N = 171) on the analysis of ideas of medical students with different severity of extraversion about communication with journalists. The results obtained show that students with high extraversion are ready for communication in the form of television interviews, are confident in themselves and are sure that their voice will not arouse suspicion on the part of journalists. Also, these students are characterized by the awareness of their own ability to formulate the ideas and thoughts clearly and quickly. Students with low extraversion tend to be self-conscious of their own emotional stress and fears when communicating with journalists. The study findings broaden understanding of problems of teaching medical students how to communicate with journalists.

Keywords

professional communication, communication between doctors and journalists, extraversion.

С. 105-119

 

 

Pedagogics 5.8

  

MODERNIZATION OF EDUCATION

 

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BIG DATA IN THE CONTEXT OF INFORMATION EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT

Boyarinov D. A.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-120-132

Abstract. 

The article discusses the problem of using big data when learning within the information educational environment, in particular, for obtaining and processing big data to create individual learning paths. The conclusion is made about the formation of big data sources within the existing digital educational platforms and education management systems, the analysis of which allows one to solve a wide range of problems that arise in the design, organization, implementation, and monitoring of the educational process in modern conditions.

Keywords:

information educational environment, Big Data, digital educational platforms, individual learning paths.

С. 120-132

 

THEORY OF EDUCATION

 

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TYPOLOGY OF LINGUODIDACTIC RESEARCH AND THE PROBLEM
OF THE SCIENTIFIC STATUS OF LINGUODIDACTICS

Reutov M. I.                                                  DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-133-141

Abstract. 

The article deals with the issue of ambiguity in wording the subject and the description of the content of linguodidactics as a branch of science. This problem makes it difficult to determine its scientific status. On the basis of the analysis of the history of the formation and development of linguodidactics, the author made an attempt to create a typology of linguodidactics research using a dichotomous division in accordance with certain characteristics. The results obtained made it possible to identify specific areas in linguodidactics, as well as to create a typology of scientific approaches to solving the problem of the legitimacy of its existence and its independence. The consideration of linguodidactics as an integral part of methodological science made it possible to avoid the absolutization of its independence, as well as its identification with the methodology of teaching foreign languages, and the presentation of fundamental and interdisciplinary linguodidactic approaches as complementary parts of one branch of science created the prerequisites for the final determination of the content of linguodidactics and its status.

Keywords:

linguodidactics, methodical science, linguodidactic research, typology, a scientific status, a fundamental linguodidactic approach, an interdisciplinary linguodidactic approach.

С. 133-141

 

HISTORY OF PEDAGOGY AND EDUCATION

 

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THE GENESIS OF THE REFORM OF SCHOOL MATHEMATICAL EDUCATION IN FRANCE AND ITS IMPACT ON MATHEMATICAL EDUCATION IN THE USSR DURING THE 1960S–1970S 

Boguslavsky M. V., Sadovnikov E. Yu.            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-142-156

Abstract. 

This article examines the reform of school mathematics education in the 1960s and 1970s in France and compares this reform with a similar reform in the USSR. The prerequisites for the adoption of the reform in France, as well as its syllabus, are considered. Also, this syllabus is compared with the mathematics syllabus of the USSR, actual during the period from 1970 to 1977. The main features of the teaching methods within the French syllabus based on the French textbook «Collection Queysanne – Revuz “Mathematicque”» are highlighted. The main reasons of the problems of implementing the reform in France and the USSR during the 1960s–1970s are formulated.

Keywords:

A. Lichnerowicz, A. N. Kolmogorov, reform of mathematics education, set-theoretical approach, Bourbaki, history of pedagogy and education.

С. 142-156

 

NEW RESEARCH IN EDUCATION

 

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ADAPTATION OF STUDENTS OF A TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
TO STUDY A NEW FOREIGN LANGUAGE

Ivanova E. A.                                                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-157-169

Abstract.  

The article deals with the problem of adaptation of first-year students at a technologic university to learning a foreign language, which is different from that they studied at all school levels of education. This situation occurs in most cases when it is impossible to teach some students in the continuing group due to the lack of the required level of knowledge, skills and abilities in the field of a foreign language. Violation of the principle of continuity of foreign language education in this case is associated not only with a change in discipline, but also with the ability to learn foreign languages, the presence of a phonetic base, expanded in comparison with their mother tongue, possession of the technique of memorizing vocabulary, ideas about different types of grammatical structure in different languages. In order to study the circumstances hindering the process of adaptation of first-year students to learning a foreign language from scratch, an empirical study and testing of students were carried out. The polls and the test revealed the students’ level of linguistic preparation when starting their studies; the degree of development of linguistic abilities; the degree of motivation to learn foreign languages in general, and French in particular; their ability to self-organization, self-discipline, independent work; the degree of adaptation to the lack of total control over the educational process, undistorted perception of a new educational situation. The obtained results were analyzed and ways of solving the problem of a weak degree of adaptation were proposed.

Keywords:

principle of continuity in teaching, difficulties of students’ adaptation, factors of adaptation, learning a foreign language from scratch, a non-linguistic university.

С. 157-169

   

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MATERIALS IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEXTBOOKS UNACCEPTABLE FOR APPLICATION IN THE REALITIES OF EDUCATION IN RUSSIA: POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS

Kharlamenko I. V.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-170-182

Abstract.  

The article examines the issue of the inaccessibility of some topics offered in learning kits published by foreign publishing houses for teaching a foreign language at school in Russia. A modern textbook belongs to the educational means and should contain valuable material from the educative point of view. The lack of educational potential can have a devastating effect on the young reader. The content of the textbook should be aimed not only at the development of foreign language communicative competence, but also at the spiritual and moral development of the student’s personality. From a tool for knowledge transfer, the modern textbook has become a tool for socialization, and it can have both positive and negative socializing effects, that is, it can either promote the integration of the individual into the surrounding society or prevent this process. Imperfections in the learning materials can have significant cultural and social consequences. A limited range of topics covered in the education standards is expected in textbooks confirmed by the Ministry of education of the Russian Federation, while there is no such guarantee in case of foreign publishing houses. Despite such undoubted advantages of monolingual foreign language teaching materials from foreign publishers as authenticity, a high level of language material, modern topics, colorfulness, etc., there are disadvantages that require additional attention.

Keywords:

a learning kit, learning material, a textbook, teaching a foreign language at school.

С. 170-182

  

INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN EDUCATION

 

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ACTUALIZING THE STUDENT’S SUBJECT POSITION WITHIN VARIOUS FORMS OF EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES ORGANIZATION

Abakumova I. V., Mironenkova N. N.           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-183-190

Abstract.  

The article considers the subject position of the student as the main condition for manifesting their professional competencies and practical experience. The didactic conditions for actualizing the subject position in the educational process and developing a professional personality are highlighted: the student’s independent work, the creation of choice situations, the implementation of dialogue and interactivity, the activation of one’s creative potential, the state of reflection, forecasting. The survey findings on students’ attitudes to various forms of organizing the educational activities (individual, group, and frontal) are presented.

Keywords:

the subjective position, independence, freedom of choice, dialoguing, interactivity, forecasting, reflection.

С. 183-190

 

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DEVELOPMENT OF COGNITIVE INDEPENDENCE OF STUDENTS OF GRADES
5–9 WHEN STUDYING MATHEMATICS BASING ON EDUCATIONAL TASKS

Kamalova D. Z., Solomennikova V. A.               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-191-200

Abstract.  

The purpose of this study is to identify and substantiate the pedagogical conditions for the development of cognitive independence of adolescents in the framework of the basic school. In this regard, one of the main tasks of the modern school is the continuous increase in the level of cognitive independence of students. It is a common fact that personality is formed and manifested through an independent cognitive activity, readiness for mental activity and the ability to carry out intellectual activity. As an integrative quality of a person, activity is an important condition and means for the development of not only society as a whole, but also a fundamental step for the development of a student in modern society. Also, the activity approach plays an important role, which manifests itself in the process of development and functioning of all personality traits. In addition, a key factor in the organization of the educational process is the cognitive independence of the student. Today, teachers are entrusted with the task of forming the independence of school students as a full-fledged quality, and not as part of individual competencies. The cognitive independence in the modern structure comprises several components: emotional-value, cognitive and activity; its development is not considered when these components are separated from each other, without mutual understanding between the teacher and the student. To do this, a real teacher is also a mentor who has the conditions for the successful development of skills and knowledge, forms of schoolwork, giving a variety of its techniques.

Keywords:

cognitive independence, studying mathematics, secondary school, development of independence, problems at school, self-development, learning tasks.

С. 191-200

 

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MIND MAPPING TECHNOLOGY IN THE SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION
OF PRE-SERVICE LAWYERS

Sakulina Ju. V., Ionova E. B.              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-201-208

Abstract.  

The article discusses the problems and advantages of using mind mapping in the educational process. The use of mental maps allows one to establish a high-quality feedback between students and the teacher. The introduction of mind mapping technology will make it possible to develop classes taking into account the level of preparedness of trainees, their capabilities and needs. The creation of “intelligence maps” is a powerful technique that allows one to increase the level of assimilation and efficiency of work.

Keywords:

mind mapping, visibility, the level of assimilation, an intelligence map, a tool, mental maps, feedback.

С. 201-208

 

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PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR ASSESSING THE READINESS OF PRE-SERVICE IT TEACHERS TO WORK AT SCHOOL WITH THE USE OF METACOGNITIVE SKILLS

Kvashko L. P., Kazeeva G. G.                DOI10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-209-222

Abstract.  

The purpose of the article is to highlight the results of a study on the creation of pedagogical conditions for assessing the readiness of pre-service IT teachers to use information and communication technologies at school using one of the metacognitive skills − the assessment of their own professional significance. Main methods: pedagogical experiment; survey methods (questionnaire, conversation); method of comparing students’ self-assessments with the assessments of these students’ teachers. The following pedagogical conditions were identified: setting students a task, their self-control and self-assessment activities, comparing students’ self-assessments with teachers’ assessments and discussing them. The practical significance of the work was expressed in the acquisition of experience in self-assessment of their professionally significant skills by students participating in the study. The value of the work: this study shows that the development of metacognitive skills happens in a specially organized self-assessment activity during the period of study at the university.

Keywords:

professional skills (hard skills), metacognitive skills, students’ self-assessment, readiness for work in school, university education, an educational process, IT teachers.

С. 209-222

 

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LINGUODIDACTIC POTENTIAL OF INTERNET MEMEs AS A MEANS
OF TEACHING ENGLISH TO NON-LINGUISTIC STUDENTS

Zolotareva S. A.                                     DOI10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-223-232

Abstract.  

The paper raises the issue of using non-traditional methods of teaching English to students of non-linguistic training programs, which is relevant for modern education. In particular, the potential of using Internet memes as a means of linguodidactics in the process of teaching English to political science students is considered. Evaluation of the linguodidactic effectiveness of using the specified Internet phenomenon at the university is the research task of this work. The purpose of the article is to determine the advantages of using Internet memes as a means of working with the professional vocabulary of the English language, as well as to describe a possible algorithm for using this technique and test it during a real pedagogical experiment. To achieve the research objective, a set of theoretical and empirical methods was used. The article presents an overview of current foreign and domestic research on this Internet phenomenon and identifies the advantages of using Internet memes in the process of teaching modern students.

Keywords:

Internet meme, the English language, information technology, humanization of education, non-traditional teaching methods, a non-linguistic university, linguodidactics, students of non-linguistic training programs.

С. 223-232

 

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DEVELOPMENT AND HISTORY OF THE COPYING METHOD IN TEACHING FINE ARTS

Novozhilov I. I., Zubrilin K. M.           DOI10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-233-239

Abstract.  

The article deals with the history of copying as one of the most ancient tools for teaching drawing. Copying has been accompanying a human being since the appearance of the first drawings. The paper considers features of copying as a method of teaching pictorial arts from ancient times to the present day.

Keywords:

pictorial art, a copying method, a copy, copying, history, Egypt, Greece, Rome, the Middle Ages, Renaissance, Academy of Arts.

С. 233-239

 

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DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS’ TECHNOLOGICAL THINKING BY THE DIDACTIC TASKS AT THE GARMENT PROCESSING LESSONS

Mukhitdinova J. R.                                     DOI10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-240-253

Abstract.  

In the given article, the number of structural components of thinking in comparison with existing components has significantly increesed, the necessity to develop each of them within the modern technological activity of students’ has been substantiated. The article conciders structural components of technological thinking and didactic systems of their development in the process of students’ technological activity. The commonality of all components of the technological thinking for various technological processes is emphasized and their special significance in developmental education at the garment processing lessons is shown.

Keywords:

imagery, functionality, efficiency, a component of a technical language proficiency, economical efficiency, competitive ability, production diversification, critical analysis, garment processing, design, technique, technology, development, thinking, structure, organization, conceptuality.

С. 240-253

 

YOUNG SCIENTISTS’ VISION

 

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VISUAL NOVEL AS A COMPONENT OF A VIRTUAL INTERACTIVE ENVIRONMENT IN TEACHING RFL

Kuznetsova V. I.                                           DOI10.31862/2218-8711-2023-2-254-261

Abstract.  

The article provides an analysis of modern research on the use of visual novels in foreign language education. The potential of using visual novels in the implementation of interactive reading and solving a problem-communicative task through its creative comprehension has been revealed. The advantages of visual novels over traditional educational texts in creating a virtual language environment, in reducing the emotional filter in students and in influencing their emotive sphere are described. The data of the study of the integration of the visual novel into the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language to Chinese students (level B1) are presented. The results of the tasks performed by foreign students after completing the visual novel instead of the traditional educational text allow us to assert the effectiveness of this technology not only in foreign, but also in domestic linguodidactics.

Keywords:

a visual novel, an affective filter, a virtual interactive environment, distance learning, Russian as a foreign language teaching methods.

С. 254-261

 

 

Sunday, 19 March 2023 00:00

PROBLEMS OF MODERN EDUCATION 2023 № 1

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PROBLEMS OF MODERN EDUCATION

№ 1-2023

CONTENTS

 

 Philosophical Sciences 09.00.00 / Philosophy 5.7

 

HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY

 

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THE RELIGIOUS TEACHINGS OF EDWARD HERBERT

Sorokina T. B.                                                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-11-17

Abstract. 

The article defines the internal logic of the religious teaching of Edward Herbert, who created the foundations of the philosophy of deism. The author shows that Herbert’s religious theory is built on a rationalistic epistemological foundation and has an ideological integrity. Using the doctrine of general concepts, Herbert proposed a new meaningful definition of religion, which allowed him to take his research beyond the confessional framework. An important component of Herbert’s theory of religion was the history of religion as a social institution.

Keywords

deism, E. Herbert, religion of reason, truth, paganism.

С. 11-17

 

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A NEW FAMILY IN A NEW SOCIETY: MARXIST FEMINISM OF A. M. KOLLONTAI

Martynova O. A.                                                  DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-18-30

Abstract. 

The article is concerned with the work of A. M. Kollontai. The subject of consideration is the thinker’s understanding of family relations of the past, present and future of society. The relevance of the research is connected with the actualization of disputes about various family models and understanding of the family values in the context of the aggravation of social contradictions in modern society, which results in an active study of the history of family relations and their ideological justifications. The purpose of the work is to identify and systematize the views of A. M. Kollontai, which formed the basis of the family policy of the USSR, the socio-economic foundations of a particular type of family relations, the interdependence of society as a whole and family values; to trace the main stages of family development in A. M. Kollontai’s understanding; to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the modern family, as well as ways to consolidate its advantages and eliminate shortcomings in the new, socialist society. Family relations were considered by Marxists, to whom A. M. Kollontai belonged, as part of a complicated complex of contradictions of class society, and the formation of a new family based on mutual respect and a sense of camaraderie should be carried out within the framework of the liberation of people from exploitation and alienation. The research methodology is the system analysis, reconstruction of the works of A. M. Kollontai, A. Bebel, C. Zetkin,
F. Engels on the research issue.

Keywords

A. M. Kollontai, feminism, Marxist feminism, communism, a women’s issue, family history, socialist society.

С. 18-30

 

PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

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THE LOGIC AND CRITICAL THINKING COURSE AS A TOOL FOR DEVELOPING SOFT SKILLS IN STUDENTS

Vranchan E. V.                                                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-31-41

Abstract. 

The article analyzes the practical value of the course “Logic and Critical Thinking” as a tool to develop students’ soft skills, or the ability to solve complex problems effectively, think critically, and build teamwork. Such skills are universal because they can be useful in different professional areas and spheres of life. One of the most important soft skills is the skill of critical thinking, which can be effectively formed in the course “Logic and Critical Thinking” with the help of analytical reading and writing tasks. The article describes the experience of using this technology in the educational process and shows that a gradual, step-by-step process of forming cognitive activity and especially critical thinking as a basic soft skill contributes to the further development of other soft skills such as teamwork and finding non-standard solutions.

Keywords

soft skills, developing soft skills, critical thinking, logic, technology of critical thinking development through reading and writing, teaching techniques and methods.

С. 31-41

 

 

Psychological Sciences 19.00.00 / Psychology 5.3

 

PEDAGOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY, PSYCHODIAGNOSTICS OF DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS

  

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THE GENESIS OF JOINT ACTIVITY AS A CONDITION FOR THE FORMATION
OF A CHILD’S ABILITY TO THINK IN IDEAL IMAGES

Rodin Yu. I.                                                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-42-53

Abstract. 

The paper attempts to get closer to understanding the fundamental issues of psychology and pedagogy: how a person is able to go beyond sensory experience and acquires the ability to think in ideal images. When writing the article, dialectical, cultural-analytical, and interdisciplinary approaches were used. The initial theoretical positions of scientific reflection were: the doctrine of man in the culture of M. K. Mamardashvili’s, ideal in the interpretation of E. V. Ilyenkov’s; the provision of cultural and historical psychology, according to which the study of the most complex forms of conscious life requires the search for sources of human activity and conscious behavior in the external conditions of public life (L. S. Vygotsky, A. N. Leontiev, A. R. Luria and others); E. V. Ilyenkov’s understanding of jointly divided activity as an objective reality and a unit of socio-historical production; D. B. Elkonin’s provision on the movement of a child from situationality of objective comprehension of the world to comprehension of the meaning of objective activity through the mediation of an adult and the development of this provision by B. D. Elkonin and V. V. Rubtsov in the concepts of “jointly distributed action” (co-action), “intermediary action”.

Keywords

joint subject activity, practical and cognitive activity, ideal, thinking, subject.

С. 42-53

 

SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC PSYCHOLOGY

  

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“FLUID SUBJECT” IN “LIQUID MODERNITY”: PROBLEMS OF SOCIALIZATION UNDER UNCERTAINTY

Sapogova E. E.                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-54-66

Abstract. 

Within the framework of the existential approach, the results of the author’s analysis of the features of the genesis of a new “fluid subject” in the conditions of awareness of the increasing uncertainty of existence (“liquid modernity”) are presented. In the context of understanding a modern person as an open system, the peculiarities of the life values of the emerging new identity (the values of life time, assertiveness, individual complexity, self-efficacy, realism, life minimalism, etc.) are considered. It is shown that for the “fluid subject” it becomes difficult to set clear-cut trajectories of the life path and stable “normative” guidelines in planning an individual future in socialization. A number of main factors are formulated that determine the difficulties of modern transitional stage of the socialization: the transformation of the anthropocene into “novacene”; transformation of information into the basic resource of development; the becoming of a universal “algoculture” replacing the traditional inculturation; erosion of the specifics of age subcultures that changes the structure of the personality of new generations; the increscent processes of co-figurative and pre-figurative socialization, the change from vertical to horizontal socialization.

Keywords

uncertainty, socialization, a “fluid subject”, identity, sense, value.

С. 54-66

 

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SOCIAL EGOCENTRISM AND EXPERIENCES OF THE SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING
OF MODERN STUDENT YOUTH

Tarabakina L. V., Osipova A. A.                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-67-74

Abstract. 

The article discusses the determinants of experiencing the subjective well-being of social life by students. The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between the characteristics of social egocentrism and experiences of positive subjective well-being in today’s student youth. The study sample consists of 60 students of higher education institutions of various major and forms of education. We used the “scale of psychological well-being” by K. Riff adapted by T. D. Shevelenkova, P. P. Fesenko and the projective method of social egocentrism by T. I. Pashukova. The conducted research confirmed that the modern youth differentiate with the respect to the indicators of experiences of subjective well-being and social egocentrism. The links between the manifestations of social egocentrism and indicators of subjective well-being experiences are analyzed: with high manifestations of egocentrism, positive indicators of subjective well-being experiences decrease worsening well-being, satisfaction with educational achievements and life in general, which, in turn, blocks the formation of socio-psychological maturity, the constructiveness of interpersonal relationships, opportunities for self-education.

Keywords

a subjective well-being, social egocentrism, socio-psychological maturity, the student youth.

С. 67-74

 

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DYNAMICS OF RESISTANCE OF CADETS OF A MILITARY INSTITUTE 

Galiev R. R.                                              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-75-86

Abstract. 

The article studies the dynamics of individual components of the resilience of cadets of a military university. The purpose of the study is to analyze the value-semantic, personal and social components of the resilience in terms of identifying crisis periods and relatively stable stages of learning. A part of the empirical study is presented, the sample totals 250 young men in their 1–5 years of study, the sample is evenly distributed. The results of the study prove that resilience is a complex characteristic that determines the process of adaptation of cadets in educational and professional activities and its components. In the system of training cadets of the military institute, both crisis and relatively stable stages of professional socialization are noted. In this regard, a methodological justification and elaboration of a program for developing resilience in cadets of a military institute and a system of psychological support at each year of study, at each stage of their professional socialization are required.

Keywords

resilience, military institute cadets, crisis stages, resilience dynamics, adaptation, personal resources.

С. 75-86

 

 

Pedagogical Sciences 13.00.00 / Pedagogics 5.8

   

MODERNIZATION OF EDUCATION

 

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IMPLEMENTATION OF TARGETED METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT FOR SCHOOLS PARTICIPANTS IN THE PROJECT “SCHOOLS YOU CAN TRUST”: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS

Boguslavsky M. V., Filatova A. V.,
Nikolaev M. V., Lugov I. A.
                           
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-87-100

Abstract. 

The article discusses the results of monitoring in 2022 of the implementations of the regional project «Schools you can trust». The Project has been carried out in Moscow region since 2020. The problems of implementation of the Project in schools are analyzed, recommendations are proposed for eliminating risk factors for achieving the planned results by schools participating in the Project.

Keywords:

schools with low educational results, which function in difficult social conditions; schools you can trust; regulatory documents of the Project.

С. 87-100

  

HISTORY OF PEDAGOGY AND EDUCATION

 

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F. M. WENDT’S PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL CONCEPT OF WOMEN'S EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PROBLEMS OF THE MODERN GENDER THEORY FORMATION

Plotnikov A. S.                                        DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-101-111

Abstract. 

The article examines the views of F. M. Wendt’s, an experimentalist and theorist of this direction in pedagogy of the second half of the 19th century during the period of the genesis of the gender approach, the initial “grasping” and conceptualization of this phenomenon and the elaboration of promising directions for its development. The significance of F. M. Wendt’s creative activity in the development of the conceptual provisions of the gender approach in pedagogy is shown. The results of, perhaps, one of the first practical experiments in this area – «teaching abstract thinking to girls» are considered. The contribution of F. M. Wendt in the development of issues of gender classification in connection with the forms of education from the point of view of the gender approach. The significance of the ontogenetic factor of gender differences, female psychology, comparative psychology for adapting (explication) of this knowledge into pedagogical rules and methods is substantiated. The connection of the issues under consideration with educational strategies and technologies for transferring knowledge from the interdisciplinary field to pedagogy is revealed. The actual importance of the questions under analysis in the context of gender problems of modern education is revealed.

Keywords:

a gender approach, a gender classification, gender psychology, comparative psychology, explication of ideas from the interdisciplinary field of gender knowledge into pedagogy, forms of education from the point of view of the gender approach, integrated education, overlapping education, a gender matrix, an ontogenetic factor of gender differences, educational strategies that consider gender differences.

С. 101-111

 

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THE GENESIS OF SOCIAL-PEDAGOGICAL ACTIVITY OF N. N. IORDANSKY
AT THE END OF THE XIXTH C. – BEGINNING OF THE XXTH C.

Zelenova Y. D.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-112-121

Abstract. 

The article presents the process of formation of approaches by N. N. Iordansky’s to implementing social education in the late XIX – early XX centuries. His practical activities as a prominent public figure are presented and the fundamental views on defining the essence of social education and the influence of the social environment on the formation of a child’s personality are characterized.

Keywords:

N. N. Iordansky, history of pedagogics and education, social pedagogics, social education, social-pedagogical thought.

С. 112-121

 

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THE PROBLEM OF FORMING SCHOOLCHILDREN’S LEARNING INTEREST
ON THE PAGES OF THE PIONEER MAGAZINE IN THE 1930-s OF THE XXth CENTURY

Goncharov M. A., Krivko I. P.                         DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-122-132

Abstract. 

The article presents an analysis of the articles of the Pioneer magazine published in the period from 1930 to 1939 from the point of view of reflecting in them the problem of forming cognitive interest among schoolchildren. It is shown that the formation of learning interest was carried out by accustoming schoolchildren to reading. The love of reading was presented as an integral feature of the Soviet pioneer. The magazine published literary works written specifically for children and youth audiences. Much attention was paid to the biographies of revolutionaries, writers, poets, composers adapted for the magazine’s audience. To stimulate learning interest, the magazine published materials about geographical expeditions, discoveries in various fields of scientific knowledge. Various contests were held for the pioneers, presenting the work of readers on the pages of the magazine.

Keywords:

the Pioneer magazine, learning, learning interest, schoolchildren, pioneer, reading, articles, contests.

С. 122-132

 

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THE INFLUENCE OF STATE POLICY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF DOMESTIC CHEMICAL EDUCATION OF SCHOOLCHILDREN IN THE 1970–1980s

Polupanenko E. G., Zinchenko V. O.                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-133-144

Abstract. 

The article presents an analysis of the development of the domestic chemical education of schoolchildren in the period of the 1970–1980s under the influence of the state educational policy. The main measures to reform the system of secondary general education are reflected, which made it possible to quickly implement initiatives to improve the efficiency, consistency, and integrity of chemical education for schoolchildren, strengthening its polytechnical nature and practical focus. The authors have identified the most significant results of the reform, which can serve as the basis for solving problems of improving the quality of chemical education for schoolchildren at the present stage.

Keywords:

chemical education of schoolchildren, Soviet school, education in the Soviet period, Soviet educational policy, chemical education in the 70s–80s of the XXth century.

С. 133-144

 

NEW RESEARCH IN EDUCATION

 

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THE INFLUENCE OF EXPERIENCE IN A MONTESSORI ENVIRONMENT
ON THE COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOLERS

Bragina I. V.                                         DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-145-155

Abstract.  

The article discusses the results of an empirical study of the cognitive development of children with different learning experiences in a Montessori preschool environment. The objectives of the study are to identify indicators that are most sensitive to the influence of the Montessori environment at the preschool age; to characterize the features of the Montessori environment that positively affect the cognitive development of preschoolers. We analyzed data comparing two groups of preschoolers with different duration of kindergarten attendance of a Montessori pre-school institution. The first group included children who came to the Montessori group a year before school, the second group included children who completed a full three-year cycle of preschool education according to the Montessori system. We found significant differences in groups of children in terms of speech development, verbal thinking, structural visual intelligence, and attentional accuracy. These figures are higher in children with experience of the full cycle of education in the Montessori preschool groups. The article describes the conditions for a subject-spatial developing educational environment that provides a positive dynamic in the cognitive development of preschoolers.

Keywords:

Montessori environment, cognitive development, older preschoolers, speech development, speech thinking, structural visual intelligence, accuracy of attention.

С. 145-155

   

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EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES AS A FACTOR OF FORMING TOLERANCE
IN ADOLESCENTS

Bogacheva O. V., Pronina N. A.                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-156-163

Abstract.  

The political and economic processes of the late XXth – early XXIst centuries on the territory of the Russian Federation caused the emergence of new radical concepts in the public consciousness, had a negative impact on the atmosphere of the former unity of ethnic groups, who lived on the territory of the USSR. Currently, the state and teachers are faced with the issue of ensuring the development of tolerant personality traits of students in the process of multicultural education, especially ethnic tolerance and interethnic communication. The aim of the study is to form tolerance in older adolescents in extracurricular activities. The following research methods were used: the theoretical analysis of psychological-pedagogical and educational-methodical literature on the research topic, the comparative method, the method of generalization of accumulated experience; the method of psychological-pedagogical observation, the questionnaire-diagnostic method, the method of pedagogical experiment and the method of modeling. The experimental data obtained during the study were subjected to the quantitative analysis. The program for forming tolerance in older adolescents, which includes 11 extracurricular activities, has been developed and tested during the pedagogical experiment; its effectiveness has been proved. The study is practice-oriented and may be of interest to teachers, psychologists.

Keywords:

a teacher, tolerance, a teenager, a student, extracurricular activities.

С. 156-163

  

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THE IMPORTANCE OF PATRIOTIC EDUCATION OF JUVENILE CONVICTS
IN MODERN SOCIETY

Kolesov V. I.                                         DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-164-171

Abstract.  

The article considers the role of the patriotic education of juvenile convicts and maintenance of civic position by them. The author suggests ways to optimize the process of patriotic education in juvenile convicts, who serve their sentence in correctional institutions. The paper considers ways out of this complex problem of the Russian society, which has a certain impact on the spiritual and moral level of the younger generation in modern society. Currently, the focus of the state policy in the field of patriotic education of underage adolescents is the patriotic idea, on which the spiritual and moral essence of a person is based.

Keywords:

patriotism, spiritual and moral education, values, society, nationalism, extremism.

С. 164-171

 

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STRUCTURAL AND COMPONENT ANALYSIS OF THE VALUE ATTITUDE
OF CADETS TO THE SECURITY OF MILITARY SERVICE

Chaly A. N.                                         DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-172-181

Abstract.  

The article deals with the acute problem of forming the value attitude of cadets of a military educational organization of higher education to the security of military service, which is associated with the creation of an organizational and methodological system for developing value orientations of a cadet’s personality in the process of vocational training.

Keywords:

military education, vocational training, levels of development, educational and professional activity, the value-semantic sphere, value orientations, a value attitude.

С. 172-181

 

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CONFLICT RESOLUTION IN THE EDUCATIONAL SPACE OF AN EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION: THE VALUE ASPECT

Oskina S. V.                                         DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-182-190

Abstract.  

The scientific article explains the relationship between the educational space and the conflict situation, defines the conflict situation from the point of view of the event approach. The author shows the importance of a restorative culture and the use of a restorative approach in an educational organization when resolving conflict situations; reveals the content of the value component of a teacher’s competence in conflict resolution; highlights the problems that teachers and students identify in the process of teaching restorative practices and emphasizes the relevance of this issue for educational organizations.

Keywords:

educational space, a pedagogical event, a conflict situation, the value aspect of competence in a conflict resolution, a restorative culture, a restorative approach, community circles.

С. 182-190

 

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PROBLEMS OF TEACHER TRAINING FOR ANTI-CORRUPTION EDUCATION
OF STUDENTS

Korobkin A. N.                                         DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-191-197

Abstract.  

The issues of implementation of the requirements of the National Anti-Corruption Plan for 2021–2024 in pedagogical universities, issues of practical training of students for the implementation of the state anti-corruption policy and participation in anti-corruption education of students are considered. Recommendations are given on the content of training programs for students and retraining of serving teachers in the field of anti-corruption.

Keywords:

corruption, anti-corruption, anti-corruption education, anti-corruption education, anti-corruption enlightenment.

С. 191-197

 

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ETHNIC STEREOTYPE AS A FACTOR OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION
OF FOREIGN STUDENTS IN THE MULTICULTURAL EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY

Nimirovskaya Yu. K., Filipenko E. V.            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-198-204

Abstract.  

The article shows the importance of considering ethnic characteristics in the process of communicative interaction between foreign students, who belong to different cultures, speak different languages, have different values, customs and traditions in the multicultural educational environment of the university. Various approaches to defining an ethnic stereotype are analyzed; the understanding of the phenomenon of “ethnic stereotype”, which acts as an important predictor in joint educational activities and encourages communication of foreign students in the university educational environment, is revealed.

Keywords:

an ethnic stereotype, foreign students, inculturation, communication, educational environment.

С. 198-204

  

INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN EDUCATION

 

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DIGITAL COMPETENCIES OF A TEACHER IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION

Sinyaeva A. Yu.                                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-205-211

Abstract.  

The article considers two main research questions concerning the concept of digital competencies in general: objective competencies and subjective competencies. It is determined what these competencies include in the vocational and practical activities of a teacher. The connection of subjective competencies with the teacher’s reaction to technostress and trust in digital systems is also considered.

Keywords:

digitalization, a digital system, a digital competency, objective and subjective competencies, technologies, technostress and trust.

С. 205-211

 

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“IN THE BEGINNING WAS THE WORD”: THE FORMATION OF A COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCY OF SCHOOLCHILDREN OF THE 21ST CENTURY IN GERMAN TEXTBOOKS

Kurovskaya Yu. G.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-212-223

Abstract.  

The article discusses one of the key competencies of the Russian schoolchild of the 21st century – a communicative competency, which is of prime importance in teaching a foreign language. Based on the German textbooks, the article presents the features of its formation in terms of types of activity and demonstrates the ways of its implementation in the content block and the methodological apparatus of the textbook. It has been noted that in the process of forming the communicative competency, the content of the textbook should be aimed at accepting the value of another person and establishing communicative interaction with them. The patriotic, civil, and moral education of the schoolchild should be the fundamental basis of the content of the textbook. For the formation of the personality of a citizen of the Russian society of the 21st century, it is important that a foreign language as a means of communication becomes a guide for the student to the world of their own life, to the world of culture and history of Russia, thereby forming their love and devotion to the Motherland and the people, as well as the desire to be a worthy citizen of the country and to stand guard over its interests.

Keywords:

education, a textbook, the German language, the 21st century competences of a Russian schoolchild, a communicative competency.

С. 212-223

 

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METHODOLOGICAL GROUNDS OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE FORMATION OF PRE-SERVICE FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHERS

Sidorenko O. I.                                         DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-224-230

Abstract.  

The article is concerned with determination of the methodological foundations of intercultural communicative competence formation in pre-service foreign language teachers, which is due to changes in the requirements for the professional training of these specialists. The author provides a definition of this phenomenon with a description of its structural components. Among the methodological approaches that allow to form the intercultural communicative competence of the future foreign language teacher effectively, the following approaches were identified and characterized: student-centered, competence-based, communicative-activity based, intercultural and systemic. The principles of developing the intercultural communicative competence of a pre-service foreign language teacher, which are an integral part of the methodological foundations of this process, are determined.

Keywords:

foreign language education, a pre-service foreign language teacher, intercultural communicative competence, methodological approaches, principles.

С. 224-230

 

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THE ESSENCE OF A SAFE LIFESTYLE AND THE READINESS OF MEDICAL UNIVERSITY STUDENTS TO FORM IT

Shuaibova M. O., Bashtukayeva Z. I.,
Rabadanova P. M.
                                     
DOI10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-231-241

Abstract.  

Within the framework of this study, various aspects of safe behavior and readiness of medical university students to lead a safe lifestyle are analyzed. An important role is assigned to the competence-based approach, which contributes to the development of knowledge, skills and abilities that allow students to realize the importance of the problems of ensuring the life safety, to master the basic techniques of first aid, methods of protecting operational personnel and the general public from possible emergencies. The essence of a safe lifestyle is revealed, consisting of criteria, indicators and levels of formation of safe life activity, where connections between all components of the studied system are established on their basis.

Keywords:

a safe lifestyle, criteria of development, the student youth, a competence-based approach, educational environment, harmful and dangerous factors.

С. 231-241

  

YOUNG SCIENTISTS’ VISION

 

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VALUE-TARGET FOUNDATIONS OF ETHNOECOLOGICAL EDUCATION OF BELARUSIAN FOLK PEDAGOGY

Shimanskaya I. M.                                           DOI10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-242-251

Abstract.  

The article reveals the value-target foundations of organizing ethno-ecological education in the folk pedagogy of Belarusians. The purpose and objectives are defined, the role of goal setting and its structural components in the process under consideration are indicated. The paper describes the main aspects and functional properties of the system of goals of the ethnoecological education in the folk pedagogy of Belarusians. The most important factors determining the formation of the target foundations of the considered aspect of education are identified.

Keywords:

ethno-ecological education, ethno-ecological culture, the purpose of the ethno-ecological education, the system of goals, environmental protection activities.

С. 242-251

 

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ONLINE LEARNING OF THEATRICAL ART AND REALIZATION OF THEATRICAL CREATIVE ACTIVITY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF DISTANCE COURSE “LET THE THEATRE START!”)

Sukhov A. O.                                               DOI10.31862/2218-8711-2023-1-252-259

Abstract.  

The article raises the problem of ensuring the educational continuity in the artistic programs in the supplementary education system in the conditions of epidemiological restrictions. As an alternative format for organizing the educational process in these conditions, online learning with the usage of information platforms and distance courses is presented. The author describes the structure and content of the teaching materials on the distance course “Let the Theatre Start!”, which was created by teachers of additional education at Petrozavodsk municipal institution “Petrovsky Palace” (Republic of Karelia, Russia) on the basis of the theatre-studio “Atrium” as the educational and methodological complex for online learning of theatrical art. The content analysis results showing the implementation of online drama training in the leading institutions of additional education in Russia and the Republic of Karelia are described. It is concluded that the model of the course “Let the Theatre Start!” is one of the first among those, which are developing theatrical creative activity online.

Keywords:

stage activity, pedagogy of drama, supplementary education, online learning, a distance course.

С. 252-259

 

 

 

Sunday, 15 January 2023 00:00

PROBLEMS OF MODERN EDUCATION 2022 № 6

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PROBLEMS OF MODERN EDUCATION

№ 6-2022

CONTENTS

 

 

 Philosophical Sciences 09.00.00 / Philosophy 5.7

 

HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY

 

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TEACHING AS SHOWING THE WAY TO ACTIVE REVEALING IN MEISTER ECKHART’S SERMONS

Shurunov K. M.                                                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-11-16

Abstract. 

The article examines a certain style of teaching, characteristic of the sermons delivered by Meister Eckhart in convents and Beguines’ communities in the beginning of the XIVth century. In order to do that, the concept of “active revealing” is introduced: the active revealing is a special state of speaking from the heart, which appears to be the purpose of teaching in Eckhart’s sermons. Then the article tackles Eckhart’s teaching method based on the analysis of spontaneous examples from the real life. The article argues that the result of such a method is an intuitive understanding of the unity of the world – the understanding that allows the student to reach the state of active revealing. In conclusion, the article highlights the potential relevance of this method in modern education.

Keywords

Meister Eckhart, sermons, active revealing, a teaching method, education.

С. 11-16

 

PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

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PHILOSOPHICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL IDEAS OF L. S. VYGOTSKY
IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Kozlova N. Yu.                                                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-17-24

Abstract. 

The article discusses some philosophical and methodological views of L. S. Vygotsky’s presented in the study “The Historical Meaning of the Psychological Crisis”: on the role of the “fundamental concept” in the development of science and its connection with the “explanatory principle”, on the stage-by-stage transformation of a scientific discovery, on the origin of scientific concepts. The connection of these ideas with the problematic field of modern Philosophy of Science is considered.

Keywords

philosophy and methodology of science, a scientific concept, the explanatory principle, conceptual engineering, rhetoric of science, a public science.

С. 17-24

 

 

Psychological Sciences 19.00.00 / Psychology 5.3

 

SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

  

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CORRELATION OF SOCIAL ATTITUDES AND PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR
(on the example of generations X and Y)

Shvetsova M. N., Bakova V. V.                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-25-31

Abstract. 

The article presents the results of an empirical study of social attitudes and prosocial behavior of representatives of generations X and Y. It is shown that social attitudes such as altruism, justice and care are significantly more pronounced among representatives of generation X. Representatives of generation Y are more focused on individual values, internalized values, and they are more prone to publicity.

Keywords

social attitudes, altruism, justice, care, prosocial behavior, generation Y, generation X.

С. 25-31

 

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FEATURES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL READINESS FOR MARRIAGE OF STUDENTS
OF DIFFERENT FIELDS OF STUDY

Makarova E. Yu., Tsvetkova N. A.                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-32-47

Abstract. 

The article studies psychological readiness for marriage of modern students. A theoretical analysis of domestic and foreign literature on the study of the phenomenon of psychological readiness for marriage is carried out, the parameters affecting the level of readiness are defined. An empirical study was developed and conducted on the basis of Moscow institutions of higher educational: MPGU (the Humanities students) and MADI (technical training students). It is established that the most important motives for marriage among modern students, regardless of their field of study, are love, spiritual closeness, shared views and interests, sexual compatibility. Differences in the motivation for marriage and other parameters were also found. The results obtained can be used in the counseling work of Psychological services of universities when students apply for advice on interpersonal relationships.

Keywords

student youth, psychological readiness for marriage, family roles, value orientations, motives for marriage, psychological counseling.

С. 32-47

 

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ON THE CONCEPT OF IMAGE MANAGEMENT IN THE MUSIC INDUSTRY:
SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS

Belobragin V. V.                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-48-54

Abstract. 

The article deals with the topical issues of social psychology as well as of related sciences: imagology, image psychology, music studies, etc. – questions on the concept of image management in the music industry from the viewpoint of social psychology. The theoretical foundations of image as a problem of socio-psychological science are considered. The author presents a theoretical analysis of the issues of the Russian music industry in the context of the social psychology of management. He also presents the results of his empirical research on identifying the image of the music industry and its representatives (soloists-performers) as a phenomenon of social perception and social representations, identifies the main image types depending on the style, genre, self-presentation, reputation (“classic”, “glamorous”, “retro”).

Keywords

image, personal image, corporate image, music industry, social psychology of management, image typing.

С. 48-54

 

MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY

  

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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICINE: CORRESPONDENCE OF EVERYDAY AND PROFESSIONAL UNDERSTANDING

Strelnikov S. S., Vokhmintsev A. P.,
Katkova A. L., Ushakova O. M. 
                      
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-55-69

Abstract. 

The article examines the problem of different understanding of artificial intelligence in everyday and professional aspects. The authors proceed from the common and professional understanding of the artificial intelligence as a technology. It is concluded that there is no consensus in the exact definition of the concept of the artificial intelligence. The existence of four types of understanding of the artificial intelligence technology is substantiated: mechanistic, subjective, evolutionary, biological (metaphorical) understanding. The authors come to the conclusion that all four types can coexist in the everyday and scientific discourse.

Keywords

artificial intelligence, understanding, medicine, discourse, professionalism.

С. 55-69

 
 
EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

  

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CLIP WAY OF THINKING IN THE CONTEXT OF LEARNING PROCESS

Kubantseva D. I.                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-70-79

Abstract. 

The article examines a clip way of thinking (mosaic thinking), which is formed in modern schoolchildren and students under the influence of multimedia and information technologies. This type of thinking is characterized by fragmentation, illogicalness, emotionality, a multichannel nature, violation of cause-and-effect relationships, and focus on the entertainment content. It is shown that the traditional education system does not correspond to the new type of thinking, which was especially evident in distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. To teach people with mosaic thinking, one does not need just adapt the learning process to it. Changing the format of resenting the information, putting it into the form of diagrams, clusters, clips and games, teachers should be guided by R. Mayer’s Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning, which focuses on motivation and metacognition. In the learning process, it is also necessary to use practices aimed at developing the ability to analyze, memorize, comprehend information, and understand cause-and-effect relationships.

Keywords

clip way of thinking (mosaic thinking), blip culture, multimedia technologies, the Internet, education, conceptual thinking, illogicalness, educational technologies.

С. 70-79

 

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VIOLENCE DIRECTED AGAINST TEACHERS: ANALYSIS OF MODERN RESEARCH

Ganuzin V. M.                                            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-80-88

Abstract. 

The article analyzes modern studies of violence directed against teachers by participants of the educational process. Literature evidence suggests that teachers are increasingly subjected to violence by students, their parents, colleagues and school administrators. Misbehavior and aggression in the classroom are among the most serious stress factors that can seriously reduce the teachers’ professional well-being and prevent them from building positive relationships in the class. The results of the research analysis show that the vulnerability of teachers to victimization is more often associated with conflict between students and the teacher. Support from the school authorities and good relationships with colleagues are valuable resources for developing positive emotions and reducing violence against teachers.

Keywords

a school climate, bullying, victimization, violence against teachers.

С. 80-88

 

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THE STUDY ON SATISFACTION AS A CRITERION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SAFETY
OF PARENTS IN AN INCLUSIVE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT

Slusareva E. S. Mizina N. N.               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-89-103

Abstract. 

The article presents a study of the psychological safety of two groups of parents: parents raising children with neurotypical development and parents of children with different variants of atypical development. A comparative analysis of psychological safety indicators has been carried out: attitude (positive, neutral, negative), satisfaction and protection from violence. It has been revealed that the most significant criterion of psychological safety for parents is satisfaction. The study of parental satisfaction with life activities in an educational institution made it possible to identify general and specific characteristics of parental satisfaction of both groups of parents, those with children with typical and atypical development. Based on the cluster analysis, clusters of parents have been specified and three groups of parents with varying degrees of satisfaction with the educational environment as a whole and individual characteristic of interaction in it have been identified.

Keywords

psychological safety, inclusive educational environment, parental satisfaction.

С. 89-103

 

 

Pedagogical Sciences 13.00.00 / Pedagogics 5.8 

  

THEORY OF EDUCATION

 

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CULTUROLOGICAL APPROACH TO FORMING UNIVERSAL COMPETENCIES
OF THE FUTURE TEACHER

Shevchenko N. N.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-104-117

Abstract. 

In the context of the world globalization and informatization of societies and states, which are characterized by ambiguous perception and assessment of events taking place in the world, when there is a change in value orientations, attitudes and traditions, modern education faces the task of strengthening the cultural paradigm in the content of modern education. The Strategy for the Development of Education in the Russian Federation up to 2025 emphasizes that one of the fundamental directions of state policy is the formation of spiritual, moral and civil-patriotic values in the younger generation on the basis of the best examples of multinational Russian and world culture, familiarizing young people with the historical and cultural heritage of the country, its enrichment in various types of their creative activity. The article reflects issues related to teacher training in the educational space of the university in the context of a cultural approach, as one of the urgent problems of modern domestic education; the concept of culture and the main conceptual provisions of the culturological approach are considered from the positions of various authors in a historical and retrospective aspect. The results of a survey to identify the general cultural competencies of undergraduate students of the 2nd and 3d year of study at Petrozavodsk State University, who major in Pedagogical education, according to the developed criteria and indicators of the general culture of future teachers are presented.

Keywords:

a cultural approach, a personality culture, the professional and pedagogical culture, cultural values, vocational training, general cultural competencies, cultural and creative environment, creative activity.

С. 104-117

 

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COGNITIVE COMPONENT OF SCHOOLCHILDREN’S CIVIC COMPETENCE: CHARACTERISTICS AND DEVELOPMENT FEATURES IN THE CONTEXT
OF PRIORITIES OF THE FEDERAL STATE EDUCATION STANDARDS
OF SECONDARY GENERAL EDUCATION

Glebova M. V.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-118-132

Abstract. 

The article examines the problems of forming the cognitive component of the civic competence of students’ in a general education institution in the context of the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standards of secondary general education; the approaches to defining the terms of «civic competence» and «cognitive component of civic competence» are theoretically substantiated. The author offers a methodological model of civic competence, which includes cognitive, motivational, value-target, socio-cultural, individual-personal, operational-technological components. The description and level characteristics of the cognitive component are presented, which is considered as a system-forming factor in the structure of the model of the civic competence, it provides the formation of structural and functional relationships between heterogeneous elements of knowledge, their ordered set, systemacity, on the basis of which a holistic picture of reality is built and the actual process of human activity is carried out. Taking into account the integrative nature of the key competencies, the features of the development of the cognitive component of the civic competence of students’ at the level of secondary general education are determined.

Keywords:

civic competence, the competence-based approach, civic education, a cognitive component, intellectual development, a learning process, Federal State Education Standards of secondary general education.

С. 118-132

 

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THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE USE OF EDUCATIONAL INTERNET RESOURCES IN THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT
OF INFORMATION CULTURE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Yakovleva A. V., Yakovleva Yu. V.                   DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-133-149

Abstract. 

The article provides an overview of the theoretical provisions and substantiates the relevance of theoretical and methodological study of the development of information culture of secondary school students via educational Internet resources due to the defining role of the formed information culture in the education system of secondary school students as a prerequisite for students to interact with modern educational resources effectively. The paper defines the purpose, objectives and methods of the research, which has a theoretical and methodological focus, in the field of formation of information culture of secondary school students via the educational Internet resources. The importance of the Internet for the educational process is noted, because thanks to it, schoolchildren not only get access to huge information arrays and streams, but also change the approach to implementing their own educational and cognitive activities.

Keywords:

information culture, educational Internet resources, information activities, information and communication technologies, a website, multimediality, interactivity.

С. 133-149

 

 

MODERNIZATION OF EDUCATION

 

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HOW TO EQUIP HIGHER EDUCATION

Ignatiev V. P., Varlamova L. F.,
Shakhurdin V. D.
                                             
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-150-163

Abstract. 

Currently, higher education in Russia is on the threshold of future transformations associated with the rejection of our country from the principles of the Bologna Declaration. The article presents a comparative analysis of higher education in Russia in terms of basic definitions, levels, standardization, the competency-based approach and assessment procedures, informatization of education, modern educational technologies, the new role of a lecturer and integration processes affecting the quality of education. After the mass transition to a level-based system of higher education in 2011, Russian universities have accumulated considerable experience in training bachelors and masters on the basis of the competency-based approach. However, the Russian system of higher education, the basis of which was formed during the Soviet period, could not fully adapt to the European system of higher education. The difficulty of implementing the principles of the Bologna Declaration in Russian universities was due to the fact that the tier system of higher education was introduced without taking into account the specifics and traditions of higher education in Russia. Based on the analysis of the main directions of the functioning of the national higher school, practical recommendations are given on possible ways to modernize the higher education system of the Russian Federation taking into account the main trends in its development.

Keywords:

higher education, standardization of higher education, the competency-based approach, informatization of education, lecturer, integration processes of universities.

С. 150-163

 

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THE SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS OF CHILDREN WITH A MIGRATION HISTORY
IN SCHOOL: THE CASE OF THE CHELYABINSK REGION

Omelchenko E. A., Shevtsova A. A.                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-164-177

Abstract. 

One of the most vulnerable categories of displaced persons are children. The total number of children in migration in 2021 has reached 36 million worldwide. Many of them do not have access to quality education, have difficulties in the process of adaptation and integration, and find it difficult to enter the educational process of mass Russian schools. Educational organizations of the Southern Urals, an industrially developed and attractive region for labor migrants, have also faced a massive influx of children from families of migrants of other ethnic origin to school. The authors use the example of schools in the Chelyabinsk region and take into account the ethno-demographic situation in the region to consider the special educational needs of children from migrant families, justify the need for a comprehensive and systematic approach to the problem of linguistic, cultural and social adaptation of children with migration in family history and their integration into Russian society through education, analyze the most effective adaptation practices used in regional educational organizations.

Keywords:

socio-cultural adaptation, children with a migration history, children-foreigners, Russian as a foreign language, language adaptation, children in migration, Chelyabinsk region.

С. 164-177

 

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THE IMPACT OF POSTMODERNISM ON HIGHER EDUCATION IN LATIN AMERICA

Bokova T. N., Shevchenko A. Ya.             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-178-188

Abstract. 

Modern society in the broad sense of the word is in a crisis that has affected virtually all institutions and spheres of human activity, such as economics, politics and geopolitics, culture, morality, and, of course, education, which cannot be ignored by modern scientific research. In developing countries, such crises are felt more acutely and are of a more protracted nature than in developed countries, and therefore the need to reorganize institutional structures in response to the challenges of globalization becomes a priority and most relevant for them. However, the backwardness of these countries, in turn, causes a slowdown in transformation processes as a response to the challenges of globalization. This contradiction formed the basis of our study, becoming its central problem. The purpose of this work is to conduct a brief theoretical analysis and synthesis that allows us to consider the impact of some ideas of postmodernism on the adaptation of the higher education system of Latin American countries to the crisis conditions dictated by modern society, as well as on rethinking the very phenomenon of education and the emergence of new related problems in the face of new era.

Keywords:

postmodernism, higher education, crisis, transformations, globalization, decentralization, rhizome, hypertextuality, reforms, Latin America.

С. 178-188

 

 

HISTORY OF PEDAGOGY AND EDUCATION

 

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STRATEGIC DECISIONS OF THE MINISTER FOR EDUCATION P. N. IGNATIEV
IN THE AREA OF DOMESTIC PRIMARY AND PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION
AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 20th CENTURY

Konstantinova N. D., Boguslavskaya T. N.,
Konstantinov D. S., Bizyaeva N. V.
                
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-189-196

Abstract. 

This article provides a brief analysis of the activities of Pavel Nikolayevich Ignatiev – the last but one Minister for Education, who guarded not only the education of the broad masses, but also the traditional values of the state in the area of education.

Keywords:

P. N. Ignatiev, pedagogical education, primary education, early XXth century, the Russian Empire, Ministry of Education.

С. 189-196

 

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SOCIAL-PEDAGOGICAL IDEAS OF N. N. IORDANSKY

Zelenova Ya. D.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-197-205

Abstract. 

The article presents theoretical foundations of social education interpreted by N. N. Iordansky; it examines main approaches to determining the essence of the social education as well as views on issues of outward influences on a child’s upbringing in Russia at the end of the
19th century – the beginning of the 20th century.

Keywords:

history of pedagogy and education, social pedagogy, social education, a social-pedagogical thought.

С. 197-205

 

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DEVELOPMENT OF THE SCIENTIFIC FOUNDATIONS FOR CREATING
A “MODERN TEXTBOOK” IN THE RUSSIAN PEDAGOGY
OF THE END OF THE 20th – BEGINNING OF THE 21st CENTURIES

Boguslavsky M. V.                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-206-220

Abstract. 

The article presents a description of the process of developing the scientific foundations for creating a “modern textbook” in the Russian pedagogy in the late 20th – early 21st centuries. The socio-educational factors that necessitated the creation of the concept of a modern textbook are analyzed. The methodological and didactic approaches are substantiated, on the basis of which the concept of the “modern textbook” has been formed. The structural components of the concept of the “modern textbook”, presented in the domestic pedagogy of the period under review, are given.

Keywords:

methodology, didactics, a school textbook theory, a modern textbook, history of pedagogy and education.

С. 206-220

 

 

NEW RESEARCH IN EDUCATION

 

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РWORKING WITH GIFTED CHILDREN IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF EDUCATION

Nichagina A. V., Kolesov V. I.               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-221-232

Abstract.  

This article discusses the main problems of working with gifted children in the context of the digital transformation of education: the concept of giftedness, diagnostics of giftedness, forecast of the development of a gifted personality, training and development. The possibilities of using educational platforms when working with gifted children are considered. An example of actualizing educational material when studying the course “Work with gifted children” in the undergraduate program is given.

Keywords:

giftedness, talents, digital transformation, digital technologies, a digital portfolio, an educational platform

С. 221-232

 

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MODEL OF INTEGRATED SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT
OF THE CAMP COUNSELORS’ TRAINING FOR ORGANIZING ACTIVITIES
OF A SHORT-TERM CHILDREN’S COLLECTIVE 

Vavilov A. M.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-233-243

Abstract.  

The article presents a model of integrated scientific and methodological support of the camp counselors’ training for organizing activities of a short-term children’s collective. The model is a multicomponent system construct that includes task, organizational, didactic, methodological, process-accompanying and evaluative-diagnostic components. The complex nature of scientific and methodological support is revealed, as well as the composition of its components and the nature of the relationship between them are clarified.

Keywords:

model of integrated scientific and methodological support, the system approach, the competency-based approach, contextual education, camp counselors’ training.

С. 233-243

 
 

INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN EDUCATION

 

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MODERN TOOLS FOR TEACHING PRESCHOOLERS COMPUTATIONAL
THINKING SKILLS

Ikromova M. N.                                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-244-252

Abstract.  

This article examines the skill of computational thinking, which is necessary for a person in the XXI century. The main approach to developing this skill is programming. Fundamental programming skills – logical and algorithmic thinking – begin to form from the preschool age, and the prerequisite for them is imaginative thinking. I. Ya. Kaplunovich’s model describes the structure and stages of the development of the imaginative thinking. And it became the basis for solving the problem of teaching modern skills to preschoolers.

Keywords:

computational thinking, programming, unplugged classes, I. Ya. Kaplunovich's model, preschool education.

С. 244-252

 

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THE COMPETENCE-BASED APPROACH TO TEACHING DATABASES
IN THE SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION

Saidov J. D.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-253-265

Abstract.  

The article deals with the problems of formation of students’ competencies in the database in the system of higher education. The scientific works of leading scientists of the world are analyzed. The problems that arise when teaching database science have been studied. The opinions expressed by the students have been analyzed. Effective learning technologies and teaching methods have been selected, a learning structure has been developed to improve the effectiveness of teaching the database science based on modern educational technologies. The criteria for the competence of students have been developed. Stages of using the method of practical projects in the process of teaching students have been viewed. And their organizational parts are given. To test the knowledge of students’, sample tasks have been developed for four different levels of control tasks. Recommendations and suggestions are given.

Keywords:

higher education, a database, blended education, competence, learning technologies, the competency-based approach.

С. 253-265

 

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EXPERIENCE OF USING COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND ADDITIVE PROCESSES
IN MILITARY SCIENTIFIC WORK OF CADETS

Kuzmenko E. L., Belousova T. M.,
Ternovskaya O. V.
                                        
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-266-275

Abstract.  

The article analyzes the experience of using computer graphics and additive processes in the military-scientific work of cadets of the first years of training. The use of modern information technologies contributes to forming general professional competencies and to activation of the creative activity of cadets.

Keywords:

engineering and computer graphics, additive processes, military scientific work, general professional competencies, technical creativity of cadets.

С. 266-275

 

 

YOUNG SCIENTISTS’ VISION

 

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LEGAL EDUCATION IN RUSSIAN UNIVERSITIES: HISTORICAL TRANSFORMATIONS

Shaposhnikova T. A.                                           DOI10.31862/2218-8711-2022-6-276-283

Abstract.  

Legal education of students is one of the priority educational areas in modern Russia. The article analyzes the relationship between socio-political changes and changes in the field of the legal education. The article states the reasons that contributed to the transformations in educational theory and practice. Our research also illustrates the pedagogical conditions for the implementation of the legal education of students, provides an overview of the key legal acts that influenced the development and transformation of educational processes in the given area.

Keywords:

legal education, students, higher education, law, history of legal education, legal culture.

С. 276-283

 

 

 

Sunday, 13 November 2022 00:00

PROBLEMS OF MODERN EDUCATION 2022 № 5

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PROBLEMS OF MODERN EDUCATION

№ 5-2022

CONTENTS

 

 Philosophical Sciences 09.00.00 / Philosophy 5.7

 

PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION

 

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THE ROLE OF A TEACHER OF SOCIAL DISCIPLINES AND HUMANITIES
IN SHAPING STUDENTS’ SOCIAL IDENTITY (MENTAL COMPREHENSION
OF HISTORICAL TEMPORALITY)

Butenko S. V.                                                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-11-21

Abstract. 

The article analyzes the role and place of an educator – a teacher of Social Sciences and Humanities when forming students’ social identity. The author highlights the relevance of the mental foundations functioning during a long historical period and considered as reference points for the social self-identification of a personality and society. The mental approach to the philosophical understanding of the processes and phenomena in education is suggested to be considered as a special kind of pedagogical technology aimed at forming and maintaining the identification vectors of a particular society. The teacher acts as an organizer of a mental dialogue, who participates essentially in the process of directed formation of the student’s social identity.

Keywords

social identity, mentality, attitude, social functions, mental approach, temporality.

С. 11-21

 

 

Psychological Sciences 19.00.00 / Psychology 5.3

 

MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY

  

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MODERN ASPECTS OF TEACHING CHILDREN WITH DYSARTHRIA

Gareva T. A.                                                  DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-22-30

Abstract. 

The article describes the significant and popular aspects of identifying and overcoming speech and language and motor disorders in children with dysarthria. A review of scientific and theoretical information on the study of the etiopathogenesis of dysarthria, the presence of variability in verbal and non-verbal disorders is presented. Modern technologies, methods and techniques of speech therapy work are demonstrated, aimed at organizing an integrated approach and developing a personalized approach for eliminating comorbid disorders in preschoolers with dysarthria in educational institutions.

Keywords

dysarthria, speech and language processes, motor processes, variability, comorbidity (codependency), personalized approach.

С. 22-30

 
 
EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

  

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MAINTENANCE OF THE EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE CONCEPT
IN THE PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE

Konash O. V.                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-31-38

Abstract. 

The article considers the phenomenon of emotional intelligence as one of acute psychological problems. The article covers the domestic and foreign approaches to defining the concept under analysis and provides the characteristics of models treating the structure of the emotional intelligence. Generalisation of existing approaches is given, the emphasis is placed on the approaches of domestic scientists, I. N. Andreeva in particular.

Keywords

intelligence, emotions, structure, skills, social intelligence, model, behaviour, a phenomenon, affect, an intrapersonal and interpersonal intelligence.

С. 31-38

 

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ON THE ROLE OF NEGATIVE EMOTIONS IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS 

Mironenkova N. N.                                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-39-47

Abstract. 

The article presents the results of the research concerning various aspects of the influence of negative emotions occurring during an educational process on the student’s personality. It has been revealed that negative states can act as a protective mechanism, an assistant or a hidden resource (a positive stress – eustress). It is determined that the assessment of events is conditioned by the cultural identity of the individual, followed by the emergence of positive or negative emotions. An emotional negative arousal promotes memory consolidation depending on the time interval, reduces the number of errors in judgment and leads to more effective interpersonal strategies, reduces blind confidence in relationships. In the pedagogical practice, the positive role of negative emotions and states was expressed in the idea of using the method of «developing comfort». The essence of the effective overcoming of discomfort is to restructure the behavior of the individual, associated with leaving the zone of ineffective, habitual comfort.

Keywords

negative emotions, a personality development, comfort zone, eustress, a language, cultural conditioning, a developing discomfort.

С. 39-47

 

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THE IDEAL MODEL OF PRACTICE IN PSYCHOLOGY

Miniyarov V. M., Miniyarova V. A.               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-48-52

Abstract. 

The article discusses the organization of practice for students majoring in Psychology and Pedagogy. Special attention is paid to the correlation of the time spent on acquiring theoretical material and the student’s practical activities. An ideal practice model for students is proposed, where they will receive a concrete application of their personal qualities in the form of flexible skills that make up professional competence and have a practical application.

Keywords

psychological practice, professional experience, competence, the qualitative assessment of educational activity.

С. 48-52

 

 

Pedagogical Sciences 13.00.00 / Pedagogics 5.8

  

MODERNIZATION OF EDUCATION

 

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DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF EDUCATION: SAFETY AND WAYS TO ENSURE IT

Adolf V. A., Trusey I. V.,
Kuzhuget A. A.
                                                
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-53-66

Abstract. 

The digital transformation of education implies a transition to a new educational model based on the e-learning. However, the digital environment has negative factors that affect the physical, mental, social and personal health of participants of educational relations. The identified risk factors and threats affect the areas of electromagnetic, psychological, information and personal security. Currently, most of the risk factors of the pedagogical process are not taken into consideration and they are not reflected in the normative documents. In the field of electromagnetic safety, it is necessary to regulate the work of students with electronic learning aids, which are a source of electromagnetic fields. A number of threats have been identified in the field of information security of the digital educational environment. The main ones are the lack of licensing and accreditation of commercial organizations implementing e-learning; lack of expertise of digital educational content. In the field of psychological, social and personal security, there is a threat of forming electronic addictions of students’. The article suggests ways to solve the listed problems.

Keywords:

digitalization, digital transformation, e-learning, electromagnetic security, psychological security, information security, personal security.

С. 53-66

 

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ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT MODELS OF GENERAL EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE REGIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Lomakina T. Yu., Vasilchenko N. V.,
Gudillina S. I., Kharisova L. A.
                      
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-67-83

Abstract. 

The article presents the outcomes of the first stage of the research, which involves the system analysis of the existing models of secondary educational establishments (SEEs) in five regions of Russia: Moscow city, Volgograd region, Krasnoyarsk krai, the Republics of Sakha (Yakutia) and Tatarstan. The initial data demonstrates that there are from 5 to 15 various SEEs in these regions. Kinds of SEEs and the degree of their differentiation depend on several factors, the analysis of which is being introduced in the article. Apart from that, a complete absence of local analysis and poor online presentation of all educational bodies have been discovered. Due to the conclusion, the research team proposes the amendment to the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” in terms of correction of types and kinds of SEEs along with the development of a unified site structure.

Keywords:

an educational establishment, school, types and kinds of a secondary educational establishment, system analysis, school with low educational outputs, the site of education authorities, differentiation.

С. 67-83

 

 

THEORY OF EDUCATION

 

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CIVIL AND PATRIOTIC VALUES AS A CATEGORY OF THE RUSSIAN
PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCE

Milovanov K. Yu., Ovchinnikov A. V.              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-84-93

Abstract. 

The article studies civic-patriotic values as a category of the Russian pedagogical science. The goals, priority tasks and leading trends in the development of civic and patriotic upbringing are characterized. The importance of civic-patriotic guidelines in the framework of activities to overcome anti-historical stereotypes is substantiated. It is determined that the patriotic upbringing contributes to assimilating spiritual and moral values, to acquiring civil, professional and cultural competencies. The historical and cultural significance and ideological content of civil and patriotic values are revealed. The question of the role and place of civic-patriotic values in strengthening intergenerational ties is considered.

Keywords:

upbringing, patriotism, civic consciousness, civic-patriotic values, the national education system, a pedagogical science.

С. 84-93

 

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FORMING SCHOOLCHILDREN’S HISTORICAL MEMORY: AN IMPORTANT PROBLEM IN THE ERA OF GLOBALIZATION

Novikov S. G., Zagumennov D. A.                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-94-104

Abstract. 

Globalization threatens the preservation of Russia’s sociocultural otherness. One of the most important obstacles to cultural unification, the loss of an individual image by the domestic society, is a mental phenomenon in science called «historical memory». At the level of public consciousness, it is a construction that represents the events of the past, significant for constituting a socio-cultural community, and turns its gaze to the past for the sake of continuing the community in the present and future. At the level of individual consciousness (at the level of personality), the historical memory manifests itself in assessing the present basing on the interpretation of the historical path of the community, to which the individual refers oneself. In the interests of the reproduction of the Russian socio-cultural community, the domestic pedagogical community should make it a priority to solve the problem of forming historical memory in school students.

Keywords:

historical memory, cultural memory, pupils, globalization, commemoration.

С. 94-104

 

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WHAT TEACHERS, STUDENTS AND THEIR PARENTS THINK ABOUT A GOOD TEXTBOOK

Osmolovskaya I. M., Popova A. I.             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-105-115

Abstract. 

The paper analyzes the results obtained during the questionnaire survey of teachers, students and their parents from different regions of Russia, aimed at identifying what the education subjects think about a good textbook. It shows that, when choosing a modern understanding of the textbook as a model of the educational process, many teachers actually consider the textbook as a means of presenting the content of the educational subject. This is evidenced by teachers’ answers to the questions of what their requirements for the textbook are, what functions the textbook fulfills, what should be changed in it. It is interesting what textbook pupils and their parents consider good. During the teachers’ further discussion of the textbook problem at the round tables, two lines of reasoning have been established: 1) nothing should be changed in textbooks and we should continue using them, because there are no changes in basic rules of the Russian language, theorems in Mathematics, or in Physics and Chemistry basics; 2) it is important not just to transmit information to students, but to develop knowledge, to create conditions for shaping their ideas about the world, so textbooks have to be designed quite differently.

Keywords:

a textbook, requirements for a textbook, a questionnaire survey, teachers, students, parents.

С. 105-115

 

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RESEARCH ON THE VILLAGE SCHOOL OF RUSSIA IN SEL “ELIBRARY.RU”
AND THE PRESENTATION OF THE SOCIO-CULTURAL SPACE OF THE VILLAGE SCHOOL IN A VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT, INCLUDING IN SOCIAL NETWORKS

Gorbushov A. A.                                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-116-123

Abstract. 

The article studies the research on village schools being carried out by various sciences. It reveals specifics of studying village schools as a socio-cultural phenomenon. The work carried out made it possible to consider the need for a socio-cultural approach as the main principle when studying village schools. Elements of the socio-cultural expediency of a village school and criteria for evaluating its activities have been developed, which are variable and depend on the objectives of the study. Depending on the nature and tools of the research, these criteria can be made the content of a sociological survey (with specification up to individual descriptors), an expert interview (with the formulation of open questions) or an analysis of documentation and products of the village school activities. It is proposed to use a socio-cultural approach as a general scientific methodological guideline when studying the village schools, which can also contribute to the scientific research of the village schools in other sciences.

Keywords:

a village school, research on the village school, a socio-cultural aspect, a socio-cultural space.

С. 116-123

 

 

HISTORY OF PEDAGOGY AND EDUCATION

 

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FIGURES OF ST. PETERSBURG CITY DUMA IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRIMARY EDUCATION

Sheveleva I. V.                                              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-124-132

Abstract. 

The article reveals the state of the study of the topic in historiography, presents the main groups of sources on which the author relies in her research. The main provisions of the article help to determine the prospects for further research: the development of an idea about the activities of St. Petersburg City Duma as a vivid example of public initiative in creating an urban educational environment.

Keywords:

the St. Petersburg school, primary school education, St. Petersburg City Duma, pre-revolutionary Russia.

С. 124-132

 

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DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS
OF A SCHOOL TEXTBOOK IN THE DOMESTIC PEDAGOGY OF 1960–1980s

Boguslavsky M. V.                                              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-133-147

Abstract. 

The article presents the description of the process of developing the scientific and methodological foundations of a school textbook in domestic pedagogy in 1960–1980s. The methodological and didactic approaches to the scientific and theoretical foundations of the textbook theory are analyzed. Variable concepts of interpretation of theoretical approaches to creating school textbooks within the period under review are presented.

Keywords:

methodology, didactics, the school textbook theory, a school textbook, history of pedagogy and education.

С. 133-147

 

 

NEW RESEARCH IN EDUCATION

 

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PERSONALIZATION OF THE UNIVERSITY TEACHERS EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT: MODEL DESIGN EXPERIENCE

Nevolina V. V., Garaeva E. A.               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-148-159

Abstract.  

In modern conditions of socio-professional challenges and trends in the dissemination of a huge amount of knowledge, the possibilities of the educational environment for forming the ability of a university lecturer to navigate in various information flows are of crucial importance. The authors of the article have identified the potential of a teacher’s personal educational environment in the totality of opportunities (professional and personal growth of all subjects of the educational process, enrichment of higher education traditions, introduction of innovations in the digital educational environment, use of network technologies in education) and resources (educational, scientific and methodological, personnel, information, technical and technological). The results of the development and implementation of the authors’ innovative educational project to popularize the personal educational environment of a university teacher in the integration of educational, methodological, logistical, organizational, managerial and axiological components are presented. The authors implemented a model design of a teacher’s personal educational environment in the unity of directions (diagnostic and analytical, information and popularization, professional and practical, scientific and methodological, design and research) and guidelines (social, professional, personal). Depending on the professional context, both invariant and variable characteristics of the personal educational environment of a university teacher are revealed. The effectiveness of multidimensional educational, informational, and network interaction of subjects and the effectiveness of integration of social, professional and personal vectors of research are proved. The implementation of the authors’ project allows minimizing educational and professional risks: personnel, system, information, technological, contingent risks, and risks of standardization and the content of education.

Keywords:

personalization of education, personalization of the educational environment, personal educational environment, resources, opportunities, risks.

С. 148-159

 

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METHODS OF ORGANIZING THE FORMATION OF STUDENTS’ COGNITIVE INTEREST IN BIOLOGY LESSONS 

Pirogova A. S., Sakmarov Yu. A.,
Aryukova E. A.
                                           
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-160-168

Abstract.  

The article discusses the use of presentations in biology lessons to form the cognitive interest of the 8th grade students. The authors note that the use of presentation contributes to the development of students’ cognitive processes, namely attention and memory. The main criteria and techniques for developing students’ cognitive interest in biology lessons are noted. The relevance of the study is associated with a decrease in the cognitive activity of schoolchildren in relation to the subject area of biology and the replacement of it by means of the Internet. Stimulation of the cognitive interest is carried out by organizing active cognitive activity of students in biology lessons through the use of presentation material within the section of «Human Anatomy». This method of presenting biological material was tested within the period of teaching practice, which contributed to the reinforcement of the theory and proof of the effectiveness of the method. Thus, the use of presentation material in biology lessons, as well as on the basis of testing and observation, the authors note that the cognitive interest of the class in general has increased and that biological material does not seem to many to be as difficult to study as it was before. The paper suggests methodological recommendations for developing students’ cognitive interest with the help of various methods and techniques when studying human anatomy.

Keywords:

methods, biology, cognitive interest, presentations, a biology lesson.

С. 160-168

  

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DIGITAL COMPETENCES FORMATION OF A FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHER

Miftakhutdinova A. N.                                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-169-175

Abstract.  

The article deals with the author’s understanding of the requirements for a modern teacher of foreign languages in the context of digital education. The article presents the system of training students – future teachers of foreign languages – who have digital competencies, and describes the experience of developing digital competencies in lecturers at the Institute of Language and Literature.

Keywords:

a foreign language teacher, professional requirements, digital education, digital competencies, an educational program.

С. 169-175

  

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HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS’ ADAPTATION PROBLEMS IN RUSSIAN UNIVERSITIES

Grishina G. V.                                               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-176-186

Abstract.  

The study aims to identify and study the periods of Russian education being popular with international students, as well as to analyze the dynamics of adaptation problems at different stages. The relevance of the study is due to the need to identify common historical trends of adaptation problems and their impact on the successful learning of international students in Russian universities. The problems, characteristic of each historical period, and the state measures, taken to solve such problems, are identified. To achieve the goal, a historical analysis is carried out that is based on statistics and scientific publications. The results obtained make it possible to classify adaptation problems according to the components of a new environment. They can be the foundation for the development of a methodology that contributes to the socialization of international students in Russian universities.

Keywords:

internationalization of education, teaching international students, adaptation of international students, adaptation problems, a “soft” power tool.

С. 176-186

  

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FEATURES OF TEACHING ENGINEERING DISCOURSE IN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
AT A TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY: THE LINGUISTIC ASPECT

Vanchugova O. D., Frolova T. P.                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-187-193

Abstract.  

The article discusses the features of the concept of ‘engineering discourse’ within the framework of the general linguistic phenomenon ‘discourse’ and describes the linguistic features of the technical discourse in an engineering activity. In order to take into account the linguistic features of engineering discourse when teaching a foreign language at a technical university, an analysis of technical literature was carried out. As a result of the analysis of the technical literature, such linguistic features of the technical discourse as abbreviation, the use of special terms, the use of passive constructions, and modal verbs were identified.

Keywords:

professional communication, discourse, technical discourse, engineering discourse.

С. 187-193

 

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EVOLUTION OF MORAL AND PATRIOTIC CONTENT OF THE TIMUR MOVEMENT
IN MODERN STUDENTS’ IDEAS ON VOLUNTEERING

Ozerova O. A.                                            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-194-208

Abstract.  

The article discusses the issue of the evolution of the moral-patriotic content of the Timur movement in modern students’ ideas about volunteering. The author considers the following aspects: the role of its social orientation in the formation of a new identity, the orientation of the transformation of the moral and patriotic context of the Timur movement onto the moral basis of volunteering, the historical memory and traditions of the older generation based on universal human values; the system of action of social mechanisms in the images of the novel by «Timur and his team» A. P. Gaidar and the film of the same name in the real movement of Timurovites.

Keywords:

evolution, a moral-patriotic content, Timur and pioneer movement, volunteering, universal values.

С. 194-208

   
 

INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN EDUCATION

 

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DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES: THEIR ROLE IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS 

Mamajonov U. M.                            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-209-218

Abstract.  

Information society is a society in which the majority of people working in it are engaged in producing, storing, processing and selling information, especially knowledge, which is its highest form. This stage in development of the society and economy is characterized by a further increase in the importance of information, knowledge and information technology in the life of the society. In the modern world of science and technology, the rapid penetration of the education system into digital technologies creates the basis for a serious analysis and pedagogical justification of many products offered in the information space. Therefore, the purpose of this article is briefly to explain the concept of digital technologies, identify the priorities of the digital development of the educational process, its advantages, and analyze the importance of the need for evidence-based implementation of digital technologies in higher education.

Keywords:

digitalization, technology, digital knowledge, information, the internet, a mobile network, a computer, innovation, economics, education, knowledge, artificial intelligence, integration, electronic environment, interactive, blockchain, digital tools, transformation.

С. 209-218

 

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E-LEARNING AS A RESOURCE FOR DEVELOPING THE CONFESSIONAL
EDUCATION SYSTEM

Yakovleva A. V., Osipova O. P.                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-219-232

Abstract.  

The last decades have brought the humankind the intensive development of the Internet technologies, which have penetrated into almost all spheres of life and have an impact not only on the material, but also on the spiritual and cultural development of society. Information and communication technologies have not only simplified the learning process, but also made possible e-learning, which takes place without direct interaction with the teacher, and a widespread use of distance learning technologies. This applies equally to both secular and confessional education. The COVID-19 pandemic has made its own adjustments to the organization of e-learning, so that now this type of training is becoming a full-fledged competitor to traditional forms of education. The presented article discusses the main ways of using e-learning in the confessional education, provides an analysis of the positive and negative aspects of using this resource, discusses the main risks.

Keywords:

religious education, distance learning technologies, e-learning, information and communication technologies, the Muslim educational organizations’ activity.

С. 219-232

 

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STAGE SKETCH AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR TEACHING ACTING TO STUDENTS
AT THE BORIS SHCHUKIN THEATER INSTITUTE

Balakirev K. N., Zhadko N. V.                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-233-242

Abstract.  

The article presents the design and results of a qualitative field study of the use of a stage sketch as an instrument for teaching “Acting” to students at The Boris Shchukin Theatre Institute. An in-depth interview of experts – teachers of the theatre school was used as a research method. The difficulties that students face when learning acting, the reasons for their occurrence are analyzed.

Keywords:

a stage sketch, training, given circumstances, a stage objective, the fact evaluation, difficulties of a theater school students, acting, acting technique, the Vakhtangov school, the Stanislavsky system, a qualitative field research.

С. 233-242

 

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CREATIVITY-BASED TEACHING OF THE ENGLISH VOCABULARY
IN AN AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY

Bukovsky S. L.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-243-253

Abstract.  

This article focuses on the analysis and design of a creativity-based method of teaching speaking in a foreign language in a non-linguistic agrarian university. The given article aims to create an efficient method of teaching speaking in a foreign language in an agrarian university, which would include the use of creative thinking. The author of the article in detail analyzes the problems of teaching speaking in a foreign language in a non-linguistic university. The article shows different viewpoints on the issue of teaching speaking. The author of the article has developed a foreign language training program for students of the agrarian university. This training program is based on considering the creative thinking as a means and technique of forming and developing the speaking skills in students of agrarian universities. The given article considers such elements as the structure and content of the creativity-based method, theoretical principles of the creativity-based method, a methodological algorithm of using learning and teaching techniques of creativity-based method when teaching a monologue and dialogue speech as well as a designated tasks system. The methodological algorithm, developed by the author of the article, gives the detailed analysis of the creative thinking implementation in practice. The system of exercises includes creative-linguistic and creative-speech exercises to facilitate the parallel development of both creative thinking and speaking skills when training in the agrarian area, which in their turn are necessary for developing the oral work-related communication efficiently in agrarian universities. The given article attempts to design an original technique based on considering creative thinking as a basic methodological category and implementing it into the process of teaching foreign languages in non-linguistic universities.

Keywords:

creativity-based training, creative thinking, speaking, creativity-based exercises, learning and teaching techniques, monologue, dialogue, work-related communication, an agrarian training area, a non-linguistic university.

С. 243-253

 

 

YOUNG SCIENTISTS’ VISION

 

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RESOURCES FOR REPLENISHING THE SCHOOLCHILDREN’S VOCABULARY
WITH WORDS OF LIMITED USE AT THE RUSSIAN LESSONS

Sergeev V. S.                                             DOI10.31862/2218-8711-2022-5-254-263

Abstract.  

The article presents methodological recommendations for enrichment of the schoolchildren’s vocabulary with lexical units of limited use at the Russian language lessons, provides examples of multi-level lexical tasks and exercises, selects relevant educational and methodological sources for organizing work on the word of limited use in the school course of the Russian language.

Keywordsа:

vocabulary enrichment, vocabulary of limited use, lexical exercises, didactic materials.

С. 254-263

 

 

 

Sunday, 25 September 2022 00:00

PROBLEMS OF MODERN EDUCATION 2022 № 4

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PROBLEMS OF MODERN EDUCATION

№ 4-2022

CONTENTS

 

 Philosophical Sciences 09.00.00

 

HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY

 

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PHILOSOPHICAL PREREQUISITES FOR THE AUTONOMY OF THE UNIVERSITY
OF BERLIN: F. SCHLEIERMACHER’S AND K. V. F. HUMBOLDT’S EDUCATIONAL PROJECTS

Klenin P. V.                                                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-11-21

Abstract. 

The article deals with the historical and philosophical consideration of the educational concepts by Friedrich Schleiermacher and Wilhelm von Humboldt. The philosophers selected for the comparative research present a perspective on education as a consequence of political changes based on their philosophical concepts, thus the article emphasizes philosophical justification of their positions. Schleiermacher and Humboldt approach the problem of education holistically as they were representatives of a crisis-ridden era. The purpose of rethinking the value of education in the state allows us to compare their ideas. The project developed by them is based on the provisions of the philosophy of Enlightenment and Romanticism, but in fact transforms the entire educational system of Germany. The relevance of this problem stems from modern narrative to reform the education system depending on political and social problems, but the philosophers’ approach is unique and it is important to trace its aspects through the history of Philosophy.

Keywords

philosophy and education, philosophy of education, educational ideal, science, university of Berlin, German philosophy.

С. 11-21

 

ONTOLOGY AND EPISTEMOLOGY

 

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PHYSICS AND PHILOSOPHY: B. JOSEPHSON’S VIEWS ON THE NATURE
OF CONSCIOUSNESS

Ganin A. V.                                                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-22-28

Abstract. 

The current study aimed at analyzing the Nobel laureate Brian Josephson’s views on the nature of consciousness. Based on the most significant and cited philosophical articles by Josephson, three solutions to the «difficult problem of consciousness» are considered: communicative, quantum-mechanical and holistic. The first option is based on the theory of communication and speech acts as a way out of the state of private mental experience. The second option is based on an attempt to link quantum mechanics and the specifics of consciousness. The third option is panpsychism as a way to show the unity of the world. The article examines contradictions in Josephson’s ontological and epistemological constructions. Some of B. Josephson’s works are introduced into the circulation of the Russian-language philosophy for the first time.

Keywords

consciousness, quantum mechanics, communication, superposition, epistemology, panpsychism.

С. 22-28

 

 

 Psychological Sciences 19.00.00

 

SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY

  

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RESEARCHING THE IDEAS ABOUT THE RELIGION OF CHURCH-GOERS
AND NON-CHURCH-GOERS

Vorobyeva K. I., Baderko A. V.             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-29-40

Abstract. 

The article provides a theoretical substantiation of ideas about religion as a constituent part of the structure of religious consciousness. The results of an empirical study of the ideas about the Orthodox Christian religion of church-going and non-church-going people are presented. In the study, the method of semantic differential has been used, which allows to investigate the structure of meanings in the minds of the test subjects. As the result of the study, differences have been established in the ideas about the Orthodox Christian religion of church-goers and non-church-goers.

Keywords

psychology of religion, religious consciousness, a value-semantic sphere, ideas about religion, the Orthodox Christianity.

С. 29-40

 
 
EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

  

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FAMILY VALUES OF MODERN YOUTH (THE CASE STUDY OF PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Ajgumova Z. I.                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-41-55

Abstract. 

The article aims to study the phenomenon of “family values” of students. The objective of the study is to show the specifics of family values of modern female students and adult women. To achieve the goal set, the diagnostic methods have been used: the “Family values” questionnaire (S. S. Nosov); the “Role expectations and claims in marriage” technique (REC) by A. N. Volkova, “Value questionnaire” by Sh. Schwartz; the statistical method: the rank assessment method; the T-Student criterion for independent sampling. Data calculation has been carried out by means of MS Excel and SPSS Statistics programs. On the one hand, the results of the study of the female students confirm the data of previous studies that individualistic and professional values prevail over others. They mediate orientation towards egalitarization and individualization of family traditions. However, on the other hand, the study demonstrates the traditional nature of views regarding gender socialization.

Keywords

family values, value orientations, student youth, rank assessment, family functions, individualistic values.

С. 41-55

 

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PREREQUISITES FOR THE EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE FORMATION
AT AN EARLY AGE AND THEIR USE IN MONTESSORI PEDAGOGY

Sumnielnyi K. E., Palkina T. V.,
Karaeva T. I.                                            
           
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-56-64

Abstract. 

The article examines how Montessori pedagogy can contribute to the emergence of emotional intelligence components. Some materials and principles of building a developing environment for a child from birth to 14 months are described, which help him/her to build his/her emotional intelligence by interacting with stimulus material in a properly organized environment. The role of teachers and parents in this process is shown.

Keywords

Montessori pedagogy, emotional intelligence, stimulus material, development, a psychic setup, Reuven Bar-On’s model.

С. 56-64

 

 

 Pedagogical Sciences 13.00.00

 

THEORY OF EDUCATION

 

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“DAWN OF POST-CAPITALISM” AND STRATEGY OF THE RUSSIAN EDUCATION

Novikov S. G.                                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-65-77

Abstract. 

The emerging global socio-cultural reality – post-capitalism – can take the form of a society, in which opportunities for self-realization of a person open up, but it can also turn out to be a world, in which the planet will be divided into oases of prosperity and zones of poverty. The future of Russia in the emerging planetary structure largely depends on whether the domestic education will be able to form a subject capable of resisting the segregation of humanity and the displacement of Russia to the periphery of the world-system.

Keywords:

post-capitalism, education strategizing, Homo creator, Homo economicus.

С. 65-77

 

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FORMING A NEW EDUCATIONAL REALITY: AN ECOSYSTEM APPROACH

Vetchinova M. N.                                        DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-78-86

Abstract. 

Currently, an active search is underway for new ways of learning and new organizational forms of education that will correspond to the social, economic and technological reality of the XXI century. It is assumed that an ecosystem approach to education has significant potential for transforming learning, and educational ecosystems will help solve some of the key issues of preparing the younger generation for life in a rapidly changing world. The article analyzes the ecosystem approach to education, shows the history of its origin, presents the main participants of the educational ecosystem, emphasizes the role of the digital ecosystem as its essential component. The reflections of both Western and Russian leaders on the development of innovative educational systems on the importance of the ecosystem approach and the creation of educational ecosystems are given.

Keywords:

an ecosystem approach, an educational ecosystem, a digital ecosystem.

С. 78-86

 

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PEDAGOGICAL ACTIVITY MODEL IN CONDITIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION DIGITALIZATION

Neborsky E. V., Boguslavsky M. V.,
Naumova T. A.
                                                  
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-87-96

Abstract. 

The article presents a model of pedagogical activity of a university lecturer in the context of digitalization of higher education. The model includes the following types of pedagogical activity: organization of the educational process; teaching; education and extracurricular activities; methodological activity; research activities (including accompanying students in this matter); self-education and advanced training. The methodological framework of the digital university as an integrative phenomenon also includes such things as a digital format, digital environment, digital resources, a digital platform. The conditions for overcoming the contradiction between the post-industrial nature of digitalization processes and the development of strategies for the digital transformation of higher education in the logic of the industrial society paradigm are formulated.

Keywords:

a model of pedagogical activity, digitalization of higher education, a digital university, digital transformation policy.

С. 87-96

 

MODERNIZATION OF EDUCATION

 

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EDUCATIONAL EVENTFULLNESS IN CONDITION OF SCHOOL OF EXPERIENCES AND MEANINGS: TUTORING CONTEXT

Machekhina O. N., Kovalyova T. M.                  DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-97-108

Abstract. 

The question put into the title of this article reflects the discussions unfolding in the modern pedagogical science, the ideological core of which is the search for new ways and vectors of development of schools and education. The modern school is in such conditions that require special approaches to determine the forms and prospects for its development. In the foreseeable future, signs of interest in this issue will be the complication of the requirements that parents make to the education of their children and, as a result, to the school, an increase in the number of people with special needs and individual speed of mastering the material, further integration of digital reality into education and training. Obviously, the competence-based approach has not fully justified the hopes placed on it. A possible paradigm that may replace it is “school of experiences and meanings”. Its foundation is the category of eventfulness. It is eventfulness as a form of not just joint work – cooperation, but the joint (co)-existence of a student and a teacher, as well as that of students with each other, that gives everybody the opportunity to gain social experience and form personal meanings.

Keywords:

school of experiences and meanings, educational eventfulness, context, a tutor, the tutor support, a reading competition, media design.

С. 97-108

 

HISTORY OF PEDAGOGY AND EDUCATION

 

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ORGANIZATIONAL AND PEDAGOGICAL ISSUES OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE FIRST STATE SCHOOLS FOR TRAINING PENITENTIARY PERSONNEL IN RUSSIA

Stepanova D. Yu.                                              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-109-117

Abstract. 

The subject field of this article reflects an attempt to consider the issues of organizational and pedagogical activity of the first domestic state educational organizations that trained penitentiary personnel (prison department supervisors) at the beginning of the XX century (1913–1916). The author’s view is proposed that the pedagogical heritage based on historically determined socio-humanitarian and state values, cultural ideals and pedagogical approaches that have proven their effectiveness in practice is a condition for the sustainable formation and development of professional training in educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. The accumulated organizational and pedagogical experience is a solid foundation for building on it a modern educational system of professional training of the Russian penitentiary department. It is concluded that the functioning of modern educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia is based on pedagogical principles developed, among other things, on the basis of studying the issues of training penitentiary personnel in the first maintained schools (1913–1916). According to the author, the schools considered in the article for training prison guards in the cities of St. Petersburg and Moscow have become the first models of state educational organizations implemented in practice for training penitentiary personnel (prison guards) in Russia.

Keywords:

curriculum, training of penitentiary personnel, an educational organization, Moscow school, St. Petersburg school, prison male guards, prison female guards, FPS of Russia.

С. 109-117

 

 

NEW RESEARCH IN EDUCATION

 

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DEVELOPING THE READINESS FOR INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY AS A NECESSARY CONDITION FOR FORMING A COMPETITIVE PERSONALITY

Petrova L. A., Berestneva O. G.                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-118-125

Abstract.  

The article considers the phenomenon of readiness for innovation activity as a condition for forming the competitiveness of an individual. The article indicates the importance of competitiveness in the context of reasoning the success of a specialist in the labor market. The analysis of scientific literature allowed us to present in the article the types of individual readiness for innovation. The main components of the model of readiness for innovation activity are highlighted.

Keywords:

competitiveness, readiness of the individual to implement innovative activity, components of the model of readiness for innovation activity.

С. 118-125

 

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THE INDIVIDUAL APPROACH AS THE KEY FACTOR OF OVERCOMING
POOR SCHOOL PERFORMANCE AND BEHAVIOUR DEVIATION OF CHILDREN

Vilkova A. V., Kolesov V. I.,
Silenkov V. I.
                                           
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-126-132

Abstract.  

The article examines the pedagogical aspects of the emergence of difficult schoolchildren who have difficulties in teaching and behavior. It is noted that the difficulty in training, insufficient consideration of individual psychological characteristics, zones of immediate development, shortcomings in the organization of educational work can cause indiscipline, disobedience to the requirements of teachers, violation of the rules of the school internal routine, and in the future – asocial behavior. Attention is drawn to the need for a pedagogically competent approach to teaching and educating schoolchildren, increasing the level of school performance and student success, and for the use of pedagogical and psychological diagnostics in working with the child’s personality.

Keywords:

a troublesome child, difficult children, troubled, a difficult age, behavior deviation, pedagogical and psychological diagnosics.

С. 126-132

  

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ORGANIZATION OF MENTORING IN THE GENERAL EDUCATION ORGANIZATION AS PART OF THE REGIONAL INNOVATION PLATFORM

Yakhtanigova Zh. M., Fatneva E. A., Pavlenko O. A.,
Azarov V. A., Glushko S. A.
                               
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-133-141

Abstract.  

The article discusses organizing the regional innovation platform for the development of mentoring in the system of general education. Today, mentoring is an effective resource of personnel technology in a general education organization, which allows teachers to develop their professional growth. Mentoring provides an interconnected development of professional competencies and personalization, which together guarantee a comprehensive approach to each teacher. During the implementation of the innovative project “Mentoring – an effective resource for developing professional competencies of a teacher”, a system of support for the subjects of the innovation process was developed: - students through educational and methodological materials, individual work plans of a mentor with mentees; - parents through organizing the system of an operational pedagogical support, consulting a child’s family how to overcome educational deficits; - teachers through implementing an information interaction of the educational purpose: learning sites, e-journals. Achievement of positive results of innovative activity was possible due to the increased level of teachers’ understanding of the importance of the topic of the innovative project awareness of the main objectives, results and ways to achieve them. The conducted research confirms the high relevance of mentoring in the issue of professional growth of teachers of general education. The work will be of interest to specialists of municipal education authorities, methodologists of municipal methodological services, management and teaching staff, students of general education organizations.

Keywords:

educational organizations, a mentor, assessment of professional competencies, the professional growth, a methodological support, a data bank.

С. 133-141

  

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THE STUDY OF THE PATRIOTIC WAR OF 1812 IN THE SCHOOL COURSE OF HISTORY THROUGH THE PRISM OF SOURCES OF PRIVATE ORIGIN

Milkevich O. A., Ryabtsev A. V.,
Batareva V. V.
                                               
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-142-150

Abstract.  

The article presents the results of a theoretical study and approbation of using the sources of private origin in the context of studying the Patriotic War of 1812 in teaching a school history course. The significance of historical records in solving the problems of educational and upbringing work, the classification and features of sources of private origin (fixing information about the past, about the era, performing a social function, reflecting a person’s personal views on their own life or the history of their time in memoirs, diaries, autobiographies, private correspondence), their opportunities in educational, extracurricular and educational work with students. The materials and forms of work of students with historical records presented in the paper can be used by history teachers when performing educational and extracurricular activities.

Keywords:

historical records, sources of private origin, educational activities, extracurricular activities.

С. 142-150

  

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ORGANIZING THE PROJECT ACTIVITY OF STUDENTS OF PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITIES

Barkova N. N., Karpenko A. V.                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-151-164

Abstract.  

The article considers the necessity and possibility of organizing students’ project activities within the framework of vocational teacher training; the problems arising in this regard are indicated; the range of issues on the subject, the structure of projects, the role of the teacher-project manager is highlighted; specific examples of projects of pre-service secondary school subject teachers are given.

Keywords:

higher vocational education, project activities, teacher training, professional competence, project management, project topics, structure and stages of project work, an individual educational trajectory.

С. 151-164

 

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MODEL FOR TRAINING IN-COMPANY TEACHERS OF AT INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

Kolzina A. G., Shikhova O. F.                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-165-173

Abstract.  

Continuous professional development of employees is area of work with personnel at enterprises in a market economy. However, external training does not always take into account the specifics of a particular production. So, it is more appropriate to train in-company teachers from among established specialists who are able to transfer their own professional experience and knowledge. The authors describe a model for training in-company teachers. The advantage of the model is that it accounts the individual characteristics of the teacher and educational needs of the company, which is guided by the Federal and regional policy of increasing efficiency and implementing lean production.

Keywords:

in-company training, in-company teachers, teaching competencies, andragogy, vocational teaching competence, components of the vocational teaching competence, teaching expert evaluation, lean-production.

С. 165-173

   

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TEACHERS’ READINESS FOR SHAPING PERSONAL POSITION TOWARDS THEIR OWN AND STUDENTS’ HEALTH

Avramenko V. G., Nekhorosheva E. V.,
Kasatkina D. A.
                                             
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-174-189

Abstract.  

This paper explores the schoolteachers’ readiness to develop the personal position towards maintenance and promotion of students’ health; it also discusses the possibility to improve the teachers’ readiness to implement the tasks, which imply the promotion of their own health as well as the students’ health. We have identified weak points in the teachers’ readiness to develop and implement the personal position towards their own and students’ health; we have also defined the objectives, contents and principles of the design of the additional vocational programme for teachers. The authors have proved the relevance of the issue of school teachers’ readiness to form and implement their personal position towards their own health and the students’ health. The authors have developed and tested the educational program to improve the readiness of school teachers to perform tasks related to the preservation and promotion of health.

Keywords:

health, the personal position, readiness to act, a healthy lifestyle.

С. 174-189

  
 

INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN EDUCATION

 

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ORGANIZATION OF EDUCATIONAL AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIES IN MATHEMATICS FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN THE ONLINE FORMAT

Biziaeva N. V., Kozitsyna Yu. V.                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-190-203

Abstract.  

The article presents and substantiates the main methodological approaches to the organization of educational and research activities (hereinafter ERAs), and reveals the specifics of ERAs in primary school mathematics. The theoretical and practical aspects of the organization of research activities in mathematics in elementary school are disclosed. Specific materials on organizing the ERAs in mathematics for primary school students in the online format are presented. The theoretical part reflects the main approaches and specifics of the ERAs on mathematics for primary school students in the online format. The practical implementation of the theoretical provisions is demonstrated on the example of the «Research Task-calculation» topic. The article substantiates the purposefulness of the systematic implementation of the components of the research activity into the course of elementary school mathematics.

Keywords:

mathematics, an educational process, educational and research activities, the online format, pedagogical technologies.

С. 190-203

 

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THE MODEL OF STUDENTS’ DIGITAL COMPETENCE

Kalnitskaya I. V., Maksimochkina O. V.         DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-204-218

Abstract.  

In the information and knowledge society, where digital technologies are rapidly developing and entering our lives, the debates on digital competence have become a topical issue. The topicality of the research is due to the necessity to develop a modern model of students’ digital competence, since this is a prerequisite for their successful involvement in the digital environment. The purpose of the study is to determine the components of the model of students’ digital competence. The article gives the authors’ vision on the model of students’ digital competence, which includes three components: theoretical, activity oriented and assessment ones. The content of the theoretical components of the model is revealed. To specify the structural components of the model of students’ digital competence, a theoretical analysis of domestic and foreign scientific papers within the framework of the problem under study has been carried out. The results of the study can be used to conceptualize the digital learning environment of universities.

Keywords:

a digital competence model, a digital competence, digital technologies, a digital university, a digital teacher, a digital student.

С. 204-218

 

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CASE TECHNOLOGIES AS AN EFFECTIVE MEANS OF ACHIEVING INDICATORS OF COMPETENCE FORMATION IN TEACHING LAW STUDENTS

Sakulina Ju. V., Ionova E. B.                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-219-227

Abstract.  

The article discusses the problems and advantages of using case technologies in the educational process. The introduction of modern digital technologies into the educational process of higher education is vital for both educational institutions themselves and, first of all, students, graduates who will be competitive in the future, that is, in demand in the labor market. The education system is currently undergoing changes in the structure of higher vocational education, almost every year not only the structure of education is changing, but also approaches and methods in teaching various disciplines are changing. Thus, each competence can be represented through indicators of knowledge, skills and abilities. Case-technology methods can be applied at various stages of training, in various educational institutions. They are becoming increasingly popular, as they allow one to simulate a real practical situation in a playful research form. At the same time, the use of a combination of traditional teaching methods and case-technology methods meet the existing requirements, the use of innovative teaching methods. The value of the case technology lies in the fact that it allows students to successfully form not only specific professional competencies defined by the Federal State Educational Standard in their field of expertise, but also a set of general competencies necessary for any specialist, including a set of indicators of competence formation and indicators of success in achieving learning outcomes.

Keywords:

a case method, an indicator, competencies, jurisprudence, indicators, technology.

С. 219-227

 

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MODELING AN ADAPTIVE APPROACH TO TEACHING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
AT A TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Ivanova E. A.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-228-241

Abstract.  

The relevance of the research is due to the fact that traditional methods of teaching foreign languages do not always provide the results necessary for future professional activity, which can be ascribed to the fact that each student entering the university has their own knowledge base, their own opportunities for mastering the material. In this light, the use of adaptive technologies is one of the ways to improve the process of full-time teaching of foreign languages at a technological university. The proposed model of the adaptive approach is not an electronic adaptive system, which was mainly used by researchers, but a modified traditional curriculum designed for three different levels of training of students.

Keywords:

adaptive systems, the adaptive approach, teaching a foreign language in a technological university, testing.

С. 228-241

 

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ORGANIZATIONAL CONDITIONS FOR THE ADAPTATION OF FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF DISTANCE LEARNING

Abramova I. V., Nevolina O. A.              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-242-255

Abstract.  

The relevance of the study is based on the fact that the need for distance learning requires a university lecturer to do special work to improve the quality of education amid the pandemic. The given article aims at solving the following problem: what are the measures for the adaptation of first-year students to educational activities in the conditions of distance learning? The main measures for the adaptation of first-year students have a universal structure; they can be used by teachers of different areas of student training and be supplemented with specific professional training tools. We consider as indicators of the effectiveness of measures for the adaptation of first-year students the following: the ability to give the educational process the desired direction and adapt subjective and objective environmental conditions for a successful educational process; satisfaction with the personal activity aspect of being in a new social role – a university student; adaptation of productive activities and the desire to self-actualize, which are manifested in the academic performance of students and the desire to realize their learning potential; the optimal psycho-emotional state when communicating with teachers. The article discusses measures, traditional and developed by the authors, for the adaptation of first-year students.

Keywords:

adaptation of students, types of adaptation of students, problems of adaptation of students, measures for adaptation of first-year students, indicators of successful adaptation of students, distance learning, advantages of distance learning, prospects of distance learning.

С. 242-255

 

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METHODOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY
OF A TEACHER-LIBRARIAN WITH THE USE OF DISTANCE EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES

Kubrak N. V.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-256-270

Abstract.  

The article presents a model of the methodology for developing media and information literacy (MIL) of a teacher-librarian with the use of distance educational technologies and the results of its approbation. The methodology was tested within the framework of the professional development program for teachers-librarians. As a result, the results of the approbation confirmed that the use of the methodology and compliance with the conditions for its implementation during training allows us to develop the level of MIL effectively. The technique can be applied in other areas, since MIL is a universal competence.

Keywords:

a digital environment, a teacher-librarian, media and information literacy, distance learning, methodology.

С. 256-270

 

YOUNG SCIENTISTS’ VISION

 

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FORMATION OF A SECONDARY VIRTUAL LINGUISTIC PERSONA
IN THE METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING RFL

Kuznetsova V. I.                                             DOI10.31862/2218-8711-2022-4-271-278

Abstract.  

The article covers the formation of the digital environment of the Runet in order to identify the features of the speech culture of users in it. The development of methods of teaching Russian as a foreign language in the network space is investigated and the relationship between virtual speech genres and traditional ones is determined. Based on the analysis of the theory of a secondary linguistic persona, the concept of a secondary virtual linguistic persona is formulated and its application in the methodology of teaching Russian as a foreign language is described.

Keywords:

a digital network environment, a secondary linguistic persona, the Runet development, a virtual linguistic persona, distance learning, Russian as a foreign language teaching methodology.

С. 271-278

 

 

 

Tuesday, 02 August 2022 00:00

PROBLEMS OF MODERN EDUCATION 2022 № 3

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PROBLEMS OF MODERN EDUCATION

№ 3-2022

CONTENTS

 

 Philosophical Sciences 09.00.00

 

ONTOLOGY AND EPISTEMOLOGY

 

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CONSTRUCTIVE REALISM AND THE RELATIONSHIP OF CONSCIOUSNESS AND BEING

Abramov P. D.                                                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-11-21

Abstract. 

The article aims to analyze the main aspects of the semantic concept of truth, of the constructive, as well as ontologically oriented realism. Relying mainly on the logical analysis of the language makes philosophy formal and one-dimensional, but at the same time formal-logical criteria are important for substantiating the truth. Three arguments in favor of realism are given: the embodiment of knowledge, a change of point of view – consciousness as a stage in the evolution of the universe, the intuition of the existence of the world outside our consciousness. The direct realism finds it difficult to explain errors in perception. There is a constructive component in cognition. The distinction between creative and destructive constructivism and the difference of consciousnesses of different degrees makes it possible to explain many misconceptions. We are able to know the world correctly because the basic structures of consciousness reflect universal natural and meta-natural laws. The aim of the cognition is to strive for the deep and complex development of one’s cognitive abilities when being oriented towards the ideals embodied in geniuses.

Keywords

realism, cognition, truth, language, being, subject, creativity.

С. 11-21

 

PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION

 

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“MENTAL DIALOGUE” OR PHILOSOPHICAL AND EDUCATIONAL DIMENSION OF HISTORICAL TEMPORALITY

Polezhayev D. V.                                                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-22-29

Abstract. 

The paper studies the phenomenon of “mental dialogue”, which involves the correlation between historical and cultural phenomena of the “large format” – civilizations, cultures, and historical eras. This correlation occurs at the level of functional and socio-cultural attitudes of the mentality. An important role in the mental system is played by the attitude of education / upbringing of a person, social group and society as a whole. The historical temporality of socio-cultural phenomena is examined through the philosophical prism of the main problematic nodes of the phenomenon of “dialogue of cultures” associated with qualitative changes in socio-individual being. The mental approach is proposed by the author as a methodologically significant and promising in terms of research structural and content basis of the philosophical and educational understanding of social and individual interactions in their historical course.

Keywords

mentality, “mental dialogue”, “dialogue of cultures”, philosophy of education, historical time, temporality.

С. 22-29

 

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PROBLEMS OF TEACHING INDIAN PHILOSOPHY IN HIGHER SCHOOL

Shelkovnikov A. Yu.                                            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-30-38

Abstract. 

The article addresses the possibilities of teaching Indian classical philosophy in Russian universities. The Bhagavad Gita is considered as the key text. A plan for analyzing this text at seminars is proposed. The article may be of interest to teachers of philosophy, students, as well as all those interested in Indian philosophy.

Keywords

Indian philosophy, Bhagavad Gita, teaching, philosophical problems, seminar.

С. 30-38

 

 

 Psychological Sciences 19.00.00

 

MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY

  

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THE STUDY OF SELF-ESTEEM IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH EATING DISORDERS

Platonova Z. N., Vinokurova A. Kh            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-39-46

Abstract. 

The article presents the results of the study of self-esteem in preschool children with eating disorders. The relevance of this study lies in the fact that a number of facts prove a high degree of eating disorders in preschool children. Therefore, it is highly important to know the causes and characteristics of this condition, since it is at the age of childhood when basic eating habits are formed, the «foundation» of the body is laid, and long-term persistent disorders have a negative impact on the physical and mental health of children. The aim of the article is to determine the influence of self-esteem on the occurrence of eating disorders among pre-school children. The analysis of the results showed that there is a relationship between eating disorders and psychological problems, including low self-esteem: low self-esteem in preschool children may be one of the causes of eating disorders.

Keywords

pre-school children, eating behavior, eating disorders, self-esteem in pre-schoolers.

С. 39-46

 

 

 Pedagogical Sciences 13.00.00

 

THEORY OF EDUCATION

 

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PATRIOTISM AND CIVIC CONSCIOUSNESS AS PEDAGOGICAL CATEGORIES:
UNITY AND DIFFERENCE

Labygina A. V.                                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-47-57

Abstract. 

The scientific article deals with the study of patriotism and civic consciousness as pedagogical categories. Both common features and essential differences of these phenomena of pedagogical theory and educational practice are presented. The author reveals the meaning and content of the concepts of “patriotism” and “civic consciousness”, shows the importance of their constructive interpretation in the educational space of the post-Soviet Russia. The review of theoretical and methodological approaches to understanding of these categories in the Russian pedagogical science over the past thirty years is given. Modern trends are revealed and directions in the development of ideas of civil-patriotic education are outlined. The study emphasizes the exceptional relevance of this issue for the Russian Federation.

Keywords:

civic consciousness, patriotism, civil-patriotic education, history of Pedagogy, history of education.

С. 47-57

 

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SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL-ETHICAL EDUCATION WITHIN THE RUSSIAN PEDAGOGICAL TRADITION

Kozhevnikova M. N., Skurskaya N. V.               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-58-71

Abstract. 

The article deals with the analysis of the social-emotional-ethical education (SEEE) approach from the point of view of ideas, values and experience of the Russian pedagogical tradition. The relevance of the research is determined by the need for updated approaches to education from the critical positions of the post-modern era. The main research methods are theoretical analysis of pedagogical work and the experience of pedagogical activity within the framework of the discussed issues in the anthropological-pedagogical, philosophical-educational, comparative-pedagogical, historical and pedagogical aspects. As a result, it is shown that SEEE and the Russian pedagogical tradition coincide in a number of key educational and philosophical positions and pedagogical ideas but have a number of differences; a range of SEEE issues relevant to Russian education is outlined. The practical significance of the study is determined by the demonstration of the importance of SEEE as a way of solving problems in relation to a person with themselves and the environment that arise in modern society.

Keywords:

social-emotional-ethical education, history of Pedagogy, pedagogical anthropology, Russian education.

С. 58-71

 

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TEACHER EDUCATION: INDIVIDUAL-PERSONAL ASPECT

Stepanova I. U., Adolf V. A.                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-72-90

Abstract. 

The quality of education depends to a large extent on the quality of the teaching staff who provide it. The increasing degree of uncertainty in the educational system, the increasing requirements for its results, dictated by time, actualize the issue of finding approaches to the implementation of higher pedagogical education extremely due to its unique specificity. The article describes the scientifically based grounds that reveal the need to increase attention to the individual aspect of pedagogical education in higher education. It also shows the fundamental possibility of practical implementation of the idea of “personal-centered education”. The applicability of socio-cultural design in the development of educational programs and modeling of the process for their implementation in the logic of constructivism is justified. The approaches under discussion and the ways of action organized among themselves make it possible to carry out a practically oriented education of the teacher, revealing their individual-personal potential. Creation of a flexible, variable environment due to the task-oriented construction of the educational process allows students to be involved in the constructive activities to build their own educational route when mastering the proposed educational content, as well as to enter the design and implementation of an individual educational request, which involves support. Thus, there is a need for teachers to master new pedagogical positions, such as a facilitator, tutor, moderator, or mentor, as well as to look for options for involving practical teachers in the implementation of the teacher’s personal-converted education.

Keywords:

pedagogical education, students, individualization, individual-personal conversion, task-oriented construction of the educational process, new pedagogical positions.

С. 72-90

 

MODERNIZATION OF EDUCATION

 

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REGIONAL PROJECT OF MOSCOW REGION “EFFECTIVE EDUCATIONAL COMPLEX”

Boguslavsky M. V., Karmaev A. A.,
Kim S. V., Burdakova A. A.
                               
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-91-101

Abstract. 

The article discusses the process of creating and functioning of educational complexes in Moscow region, and announces the results of monitoring the process of 2022.

Keywords:

educational complex, effective educational complex, educational complex models.

С. 91-101

 

HISTORY OF PEDAGOGY AND EDUCATION

 

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THE DOMESTIC ENLIGHTENMENT TRADITION OF THE XV–XVII CENTURIES
IN THE SOCIO-POLITICAL DIMENSION

Vdovyh D. A.                                                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-102-111

Abstract. 

This article deals with the issue of studying the domestic enlightenment tradition of the XV–XVII centuries in the socio-political dimension. The main trends in the development of the cultural and educational policy of this macro-period are revealed. Such historical phenomena as isolationism, Westernization, secularization, Old Moscow bookishness, Old Russian scholarism are characterized. The analysis of transformations of the socio-cultural sphere during the reign of the first tsars from the Romanov dynasty is presented. It is established that the XVII century became an important milestone on the way of spreading the European-type education, a large-scale cultural development and the formation of a system of public education.

Keywords:

history of Pedagogy, history of education, the domestic enlightenment tradition, history of Russia of XV–XVII centuries, the educational policy, bookishness, pre-Petrine period.

С. 102-111

 

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FORMATION OF THE READING CIRCLE OF ST. PETERSBURG PUPILS
IN THE XIX – EARLY XX CENTURIES

Lisovich V. N.                                   DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-112-122

Abstract. 

The article analyzes the system of socio-cultural and pedagogical factors under the influence of which the reading circle of students of secondary educational institutions of pre-revolutionary St. Petersburg was formed, including the socio-cultural environment of pre-revolutionary St. Petersburg as a “bookish and reading city”, urban educated families, St. Petersburg secondary school, the subculture of its students, the state and the pedagogical community. In the article, the author analyzes the presented factors and justifies their interaction.

Keywords:

socio-cultural and pedagogical factors, a system of factors, a circle of children’s and youth reading, “quality” and mass literature, educational environment, student subculture, children’s family reading, school reading, children and adolescent independent reading.

С. 112-122

 

NEW RESEARCH IN EDUCATION

 

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THE SIGNIFICANCE OF DIDACTIC MATERIAL IN THE SYSTEM OF M. MONTESSORI

Sumnitelnyi K. E., Palkina T. V.                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-123-130

Abstract.  

The article considers the features and place of didactic material in the pedagogy of M. Montessori, shows the pedagogical conditions for the effective use of these manuals and reveals the problems with their use outside the context of the method..

Keywords:

didactic material, prepared environment, freedom of choice, practical life exercises, stimulus material.

С. 123-130

 

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METHOD OF MEASURING THE SOCIO-PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES
OF EMPLOYEES OF THE MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS

Zhigalova E. A.                                            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-131-138

Abstract.  

The topic of the article is determined by the search for solutions to the urgent problem of forming and measuring the level of socio-professional competencies of police officers of the Russian Federation. Based on the fact that in the modern conditions of social transformations, geopolitical challenges, and the pandemic, the role of civil dialogue, public unity, and national security is increasing, approaches to training and advanced training of Interior Ministry employees are changing, especially in the short-term training context. As part of the consideration of these issues, the author proposes and describes one of the possible methods for measuring the initial level of socio-professional competencies of short-term course students. Based on its application, it is concluded that this technique contributes to a deeper identification and systematization of typical problems and shortcomings that indicate insufficient development of the desired competencies. Identification of typical problems makes it possible to ensure timely correction of the educational process and students’ understanding of the importance of their own efforts to develop appropriate socio-professional competencies.

Keywords:

police officers, civil dialogue, social and professional competencies, measurement methodology.

С. 131-138

 

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OTANTHROPONYMIC VOCABULARY IN TEACHING RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE (CASE STUDY OF MOSCOW DISTRICTS NAMES)

Martynenko Ju. B.                                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-139-149

Abstract.  

The article examines the specifics of working on otanthroponymic vocabulary in a foreign audience based on the names of Moscow districts. The types and structure of toponymic units containing anthroponyms are analyzed. A methodology for working with such units is proposed in order to form the linguistic and cultural competence and the ability to navigate in the linguistic space of a metropolis among foreign students. The assimilation of anthroponyms by foreign students in toponymy of Moscow districts makes it possible to obtain information about the cultural and historical objects of the city, allows one to activate the mastery of the grammatical forms of the Russian language and increase interest in studying it. All of this is of practical importance for international students.

Keywords:

anthroponym, toponym, anthropotoponym, Moscow districts, Russian as a foreign language, foreign students.

С. 139-149

 

 

INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN EDUCATION

 

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THE SCHEME OF THE FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM OF INTERACTIVE LEARNING
AT THE UNIVERSITY

Vasilyeva A. V.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-150-163

Abstract.  

The article aims to develop a scheme of a functional system of interactive learning at a university. The methodology of the study is based on the methods of the content analysis of literature, analogies, and the scheme of the functional system. The results of the study: 1. the interpretation of the process of interactive learning in system-cybernetic terms is given; 2. the scheme of the functional system of interactive learning is developed; 3. the mechanisms of organization and self-organization of interactive learning are revealed; 4. an attempt is made to correlate the accumulated practical experience in the implementation of forms and techniques of interactive learning in pedagogy and methodology with existing theoretical research in order to create a holistic scientific understanding of the object of research. The scientific value of the results obtained lies in the fact that the interactive learning is presented and described for the first time in the form of a functional system that allows, firstly, to more accurately and fully reflect the process of the interactive learning in comparison with existing research; secondly, to visualize the accumulated theoretical experience of studying the object of the study. The practical value of the results is seen in the fact that the resulting model makes it possible to comprehend the place and role of using an interactive form of education at a university in the context of the implementation of a competence-based approach, focuses on the relevance of the problem of the systematic study of the object and is a reliable basis for building the concept of the interactive learning.

Keywords:

interactive learning, the competence approach, interaction, the functional system scheme.

С. 150-163

 

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PEDAGOGICAL RISKS IN THE PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY OF TEACHERS
IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE ELECTRONIC LEARNING ORGANIZATION

Osipova O. P., Savenkova E. V.,
Shklyarova O. A.
                                         
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-164-176

Abstract.  

In modern studies of the organization of e-learning and the use of distance learning technologies (ELaDLT) in various educational systems, attention is paid not only to the characterization of the essence of ELaDLT, the analysis of their advantages, limitations and conditions for effective use, but also to the comprehensive study of the identified problems and the development of solutions, the adoption of strategic alternatives associated with minimizing emerging pedagogical risks. The article presents the provisional results of a study of a set of factors, including the risks of teachers’ professional activity in the conditions of ELaDLT, and suggests tools for managing pedagogical risks in the educational process. The analysis of risk factors of the organization of ELaDLT in the professional activity of teachers is carried out. The relevance of the health-saving approach in the design of the professional activity of teachers, taking into account the influence of ELaDLT, is substantiated. Recommendations for preventing pedagogical risks of the impact of digital education on the professional activities of teachers are proposed.

Keywords:

e-learning, pedagogical risk, distance learning technologies, risk factors, risk management, digitalization, digital transformation.

С. 164-176

 

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THE SYSTEM OF EXERCISES AIMED AT FORMING A POTENTIAL VOCABULARY WHEN TEACHING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE AT A POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY

Kotelnikova E. Yu., Frolova T. P.          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-177-186

Abstract.  

The article considers the issue of developing a system of exercises to form a potential vocabulary when teaching a foreign language at a technical university. The article analyzes the provisions on this issue described in the Russian literature in the works of such researchers as I. M. Berman, V. A. Bukhbinder, S. E. Pobedinskaya, T. M. Kovbasyuk, etc. As a psychological and pedagogical basis, personal and activity-based approaches are considered, which make it possible to determine the most optimal conditions for the development of personality in the process of educational activity. From the linguistic and methodological points of view, the criterion of derivability of a lexical unit is taken as the basis for the development of a system of exercises. The essence of this principle is that only those derivatives and complex words are subject to selection, in which it is possible to isolate and identify the components of these words, and establish semantic relations between their components. Based on the types of derivability, groups of words were formed for second-year students who major in construction, which allow us to develop a system of exercises to form the potential lexical vocabulary.

Keywords:

a potential vocabulary, a lexical unit, lexical reserve, the criterion of derivability.

С. 177-186

 

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MUSIC NOTATION SOFTWARE IN A CHOIR MASTER TRAINING: ON THE CONTENT OF THE AUTHOR’S STUDY GUIDE FOR THE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Novoselov V. A.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-187-195

Abstract.  

The author of the present work describes his personal experience of using the music notation software and demonstrates a possible structure for the second part of the study guide “Information technologies in music education”. The project version of the second part comprises 4 chapters, which contain data about the modern information technologies in music education, methods of their implementation for solving educational, organizational and creative tasks, classification of notation programs and their comparative characteristics. The suggested study guide will contain details on a pre-service music teacher dealing with the music notation software in the context of the classroom development for the individual conducting disciplines. The working program for the elective subject takes a particular place in the prospective guide. The course students will acquire the competence of implementing the notation software in a choir master environment, perfecting via them the ear for music, conducting, and voice of a future teacher. The study guide will be practically oriented and dedicated to enriching the conventional approaches to the choir master training of a pre-service teacher on the level of a university.

Keywords:

music education, a pre-service music teacher, music notation software, the educational environment of a pedagogical university, a subject syllabus, a choir conducting class, a choir master practical training.

С. 187-195

 

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THE STUDY OF THE STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITY OF THE HUMAN BODY IN BIOLOGY LESSONS USING AN INTEGRATIVE LEARNING SITUATION

Khachaturyants V. E., Teremov A. V.                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-196-208

Abstract.  

The article discusses the use of an integrative learning situation in biology lessons as a way to achieve meta-subject results of educational activities of students in the study of the structure and life of the human body. In this process, the article notes not only the role of Biology but also of other subjects, the integration of natural science and humanitarian knowledge, as well as the individual life cognitive experience of students’.

Keywords:

human body, meta-subject results of an educational activity, integrative learning, an integrative learning situation.

С. 196-208

 

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INTEGRATION OF MOTOR AND COGNITIVE ACTIVITY IN THE SOCIO-CULTURAL SPACE OF PRESCHOOLERS

Rubenkova L. A.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-209-215

Abstract.  

The motor activity of a modern preschooler is from 25 to 35 % of the necessary. This problem leads to a crisis of the child’s general health: spiritual and moral, psychosomatic, social and personal. The development of a theoretical model for the development of motor and cognitive activity of an adult and a child (on a game basis) in the system of a preschool educational institution – family – society will become a trigger for not only the rapid and high-quality development of physical education tasks, but also increasing the intellectual and motor density of preschool children, as well as their more successful socialization.

Keywords:

motor activity, locomotion, model, integration of motor and cognitive activity, integration mechanisms, a child regimen, the socio-cultural space of preschool – family – society, graphic symbols, logic of movement and thought, levels of development.

С. 209-215

 

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EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SCHOOL INFORMATION AND LIBRARY CENTERS (Case study of regional innovation sites of Chelyabinsk region)

Kacheva E. V., Svistun I. V.                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-216-228

Abstract.  

The article updates the issue of assessing the efficiency of school information and library centers. The present work suggests a contradiction between the need to evaluate activities and existing practices. The author presents and summarizes the experience of schools – regional innovative sites of Chelyabinsk region. Conclusions are being drawn on the feasibility of using the proposed systems as a tool to assess the efficiency of information and library centers at the institutional level.

Keywords:

the school library, the school information and library center, efficiency of the school information and library centers, efficiency of the school library, internal humanitarian audit.

С. 216-228

 

 

YOUNG SCIENTISTS’ VISION

 

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ANALYSIS OF SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION FORMS FOR THE OUTSPREAD OF INNOVATIVE PEDAGOGICAL EXPERIENCE 

Tinkovan E. V.                                             DOI10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-229-237

Abstract.  

The article deals with analyzing the forms of scientific communication for the outspread of innovative pedagogical experience. The article defines the forms of oral scientific communication that promote the understanding of new meanings of education and pedagogical activity; provides some examples of preparation for participation in a scientific discussion. Based on the results of the survey, it is concluded that it is necessary to prepare teachers to participate in the scientific communication and to design professional development programmes aimed at developing scientific communication skills of teachers.

Keywords:

scientific communication, scientific communication skills, forms of oral and written scientific communication, scientific discussion, innovative pedagogical experience, professional development programmes.

С. 229-237

 

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PANORAMIC OVERVIEW OF SOFT SKILLS TEACHING IN COLLEGE STUDENTS

Amantay Zh. A., Ermakov D. S.                       DOI10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-238-245

Abstract.  

Universities are now taking on a fundamental task in building society, which is why they are called upon to pay special attention to teaching soft skills as an essential part of comprehensive training. The article gives a general definition of the concept and each of the skills, and considers the theory of learning. As a reference model for learning, the main practices and strategies that should be promoted in the context of higher education for their development are presented. In conclusion, the need to create, change or transform teaching practices is emphasized in order to promote a higher education scenario interested in the parallel development of being and doing.

Keywords:

soft skills, competences, higher education.

С. 238-245

 

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FEATURES OF THE SUBJECTIVE PICTURE OF THE WORLD OF SECONDARY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION STUDENTS WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF ASOCIALITY

Sosnina A. A.                                         DOI10.31862/2218-8711-2022-3-246-260

Abstract.  

This article examines the influence of individual life experience on the formation of a subjective picture of the world, as well as the influence of personal ideas about the elements of legal reality on human behavior. Purpose of the study: to identify differences in the discipline and offense perception of students of the secondary vocational education system with different levels of asociality. Methods: the study involved students of institutions of secondary vocational education of Tyumen region. In a psychosemantic study, conducted using the method of free associations for the stimuli «discipline» and «offense», 160 students of the secondary vocational education system of Tyumen region took part. Results: the study showed a negative attitude of offenders to the term “discipline”, the ways of organizing it (mostly arbitrary), and the factor of public life, which consists in restricting their freedom and control, which distinguishes them from law-abiding respondents who define discipline as an impetus to development, a way of hardening character and endurance.

Keywords:

perception, the subjective picture of the world, illegal behavior, asociality, students, secondary vocational education.

С. 246-260

 

 

 

Sunday, 22 May 2022 00:00

PROBLEMS OF MODERN EDUCATION 2022 № 2

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PROBLEMS OF MODERN EDUCATION

№ 2-2022

CONTENTS

 

 

 Philosophical Sciences 09.00.00 

 

PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION

 

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QUESTIONS OF KNOWLEDGE OR INFORMATION CONCEPT OF THE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: PHILOSOPHICAL VIEW ON THE ISSUE

Popova A. V.                                                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-9-20

Abstract. 

Paying special attention to the conceptual differences between the definitions of “knowledge” and “information”, the author of the article states that the main peculiarity of information is that it is relatively objectified while knowledge is always subjective. Knowledge depends directly on the individual cognitive abilities and, first of all, on the ethical component of the subject who accumulates it basing on the information received. It is concluded that at the present stage of the development of digital technologies, “knowledge” should be used in two main meanings – epistemological and technological. Within the framework of the technological knowledge, information is transformed into relatively formalized knowledge created by a programmer basing on their value preferences and invested by them in the AI knowledge base, which is used to solve a specific task. It is concluded that the formation of genuine knowledge based on the AI that exists today is impossible; however, given the technological progress of the future, the question remains open and requires new research.

Keywords

artificial intelligence, expert system, formal knowledge, technological knowledge, information, consciousness.

С. 9-20

 

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ETHNOMATHEMATICS: SOCIO-CULTURAL AND PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASPECTS

Yashin B. L.                                                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-21-33

Abstract. 

The article reveals the role of socio-cultural and psycholinguistic approaches in confirming the presence of a variety of mathematicians that appear in each culture as a sign system, with their own practices and rules for operating with language signs, which requires the mathematician to be included in a certain language game. The article substantiates the importance of research in the field of ethnomathematics, which indicates that the “first”, “experienced” mathematicians of different cultures differ from each other in the ways of expressing quantitative and relational relations, as well as spatial forms of the real world in the language. It is shown that ethnomathematics defends the idea of the existence of a variety of different-shaped mathematics, which are the product of various cognitive and instrumental practices that are characteristic of a certain social group, a specific culture. The proposal is discussed to consider some of the ideas and results of the concept of “language games” by L. Wittgenstein, which are related to mathematics, as a contribution to the development of the normative concept of mathematics. The importance of the normative approach to mathematics and possible difficulties in its use are noted.

Keywords

culture, mathematics, norm, rule, cognitive and subject practice, ethnomathematics, language game.

С. 21-33

 

 

Psychological Sciences 19.00.00

 

MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY

  

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EDUCATION AND UPBRINGING OF CHILDREN WITH THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM PATHOLOGY IN THE CONTEXT OF INCLUSION

Turovskaya N. G., Kondratovich A. V.,
Starovoitova V. S., Turovskaya O. D.
                
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-34-46

Abstract. 

The article discusses the issue of inclusive education and upbringing of children with pathology of the central nervous system. The author describes features of mental development disorder in children with the cerebral organic pathology in relation to the lesion focus or the functional lag of certain brain structures. The article compares the originality of the development of children with a different picture of the bioelectrical activity of the brain, with the residual cerebral organic pathology and convulsive paroxysms affected by it. The author analyzes criteria for choosing an educational route for a child with the central nervous system pathology, indicates didactic techniques and requirements for teaching a child with the cerebral organic pathology in the context of inclusion. It is emphasized the importance of optimizing the social situation of the development of a sick child with the aim of stabilizing their psycho-emotional state and preventing the formation of secondary neurotic reactions.

Keywords

children, pathology of the central nervous system, education and upbringing, inclusion.

С. 34-46

 

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THE COGNITIVE COMPONENT OF ATTITUDES TO HEALTH BY PEOPLE OF DIFFERENT AGES

Ushakova V. R.                                                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-47-58

Abstract. 

The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of beliefs about health and a healthy lifestyle, as well as the prevailing sources of information about health among adolescents, students and adults. There have been used the following research methods: a survey and a projective method. The predominant sources of information about health, which are trusted by people of different ages, have been identified. The characteristic different and similar points are determined. The most significant and reliable source of information about health is a doctor for all age categories. It has been revealed that adolescents and student youth also prefer to draw information from social networks, mature people – from popular science literature. It has been confirmed that physical activity and healthy eating habits are the predominant beliefs about ways to maintain health for adolescents, physical and mental harmony – for students, and abandoning bad habits – for adults. The indicators of health for adolescents are sociability and cheerfulness, for young people they are happiness and inner harmony, for people of the mature age – external beauty and cheerfulness.

Keywords

attitudes towards health, a cognitive component, health beliefs, sources of health information.

С. 47-58

 

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HOSPITAL SCHOOLS IN GREAT BRITAIN AND THE UNITED STATES: EDUCATIONAL GOALS AND INFRASTRUCTURE UNDER CREATION

Adamyan E. I.                                                   DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-59-71

Abstract. 

The study examines the hospital schools experience in the UK and the US and consists of two parts. In its first part, published this year in issue No.1 of the given journal, we considered the idea of a pupil of a hospital school, their needs, which are reflected in the legal documents of the two countries. In this article, we focus on the goals of education and upbringing of a child under a long-term care, goal-related mission of hospital schools, the specifics of the educational environment, as well as the infrastructure with which this environment is created.

Keywords

children under a long-term care, hospital schools, educational environment, interdepartmental interaction.

С. 59-71

 

PSYCHOLOGY OF LABOR, ENGINEERING PSYCHOLOGY, ERGONOMICS

  

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MODERN PRACTICE OF USING THE CATEGORY OF “CONTEXT” IN THE WORK OF PSYCHOLOGISTS, COACHES AND BUSINESS TRAINERS 

Kalashnikov V. G., Danilochkina V. V.                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-72-83

Abstract. 

The article focuses on the practical application of the category of “context” in the work of psychologists, coaches and business coaches. The purpose of the article is to demonstrate the increasing pragmatic potential of using the “context” category in the work of members of caring professions. There are examples of psychological practices, business training programs and coaching tools, which are based on the concept of “context” and its meaning-forming role, which allows transforming life experience and increasing understanding of events that take place in a person’s life.

Keywords

context, the context-oriented approach, practical psychology, nootechnics, coaching, business training, negotiation psychology, conflictology, the semantic psychological context, a metaconcept.

С. 72-83

 

 

 Pedagogical Sciences 13.00.00 

 

MODERNIZATION OF EDUCATION

 

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ADDITIONAL EDUCATION IN A PANDEMIC: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS

Boyarinov D. A.                                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-84-95

Abstract. 

The article discusses the features of organizing and implementing educational activities amid the pandemic. The views of modern teachers on the positive and negative consequences of the global-scale transition to exclusively distance learning are analyzed. The potential of the system of additional education in relation to overcoming negative consequences is revealed and requirements are formulated for the content of additional educational programs focused on ensuring the quality of education amid the pandemic.

Keywords:

additional education, digital educational platforms, additional educational programs, distance learning, education amid the pandemic.

С. 84-95

 

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INNOVATIVE MODEL OF STATE AND PUBLIC REGULATION OF THE ACTIVITIES
OF AN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION IN THE FIELD OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION 

Yakovleva A. V.                                               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-96-104

Abstract. 

The article examines managing a modern Islamic educational institution. It is revealed that if the formation of public management structures is a problematic element in the «state-public» relationship in secular educational organizations, the system of Islamic education lacks effective mechanisms of interaction with the state. An innovative model of state and public regulation of the activities of an Islamic educational organization, which is based on the principles of Russian educational management, is suggested.

Keywords:

Islamic education, state and public administration, state, society, confession of faith.

С. 96-104

 

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IMPLEMENTATION OF ACADEMIC STUDENT MOBILITY IN THE UK
AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 21st CENTURY

Boguslavsky M. V., Roslyakova A. A.            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-105-114

Abstract. 

The article presents the specifics of the implementation of academic mobility of students in the UK at the beginning of the 21st century. Cross-border movement of students, that is, international student mobility, is recognized as the most visible form of internationalization in higher education. The UK remains competitive in the global higher education arena and is an attractive option for international students. International students make an invaluable social, cultural and economic contribution to the development of the UK. The UK government has made it clear that universities that aspire to become global institutions will always be open to international students. This has helped realize many of the economic benefits that education exports have brought to the UK. Despite the global pandemic, the UK has made great strides in realizing the goals outlined in the original International Education Strategy.

Keywords:

academic mobility, student experience, immigration process, foreign students, mobile education, International Education Strategy.

С. 105-114

 

 

HISTORY OF PEDAGOGY AND EDUCATION

 

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TRADITIONS OF KINSHIP AMONG TUVANS AS A FACTOR OF SPIRITUAL
AND MORAL EDUCATION OF THE INDIVIDUAL

Kuular S. V.                                                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-115-123

Abstract. 

This article presents a generalized analysis of the study on the features and veneration of kinship relations among the ancient Tuvans as a sacred tradition, which was guided by the spiritual and moral upbringing of children. The observance of consanguineous relations among the ancient Tuvans was considered an unshakable tradition that contributed to the upbringing of a highly moral generation. The results of an empirical study showing the transformation of the traditions of kinship relations among modern Tuvans are presented. The author adheres to the ethno-pedagogical concept of spiritual and moral education of the individual, in which national traditions and customs play a leading role. Based on the theoretical analysis of historical, pedagogical sources and her own empirical research, the author actualizes the problem of preserving the folk traditions of raising children among Tuvans, reveals their moral character.

Keywords:

spiritual and moral education, a Tuvan family, family traditions of upbringing, globalization and modernization, kinship relations.

С. 115-123

 

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THE DOMINANT ROLE OF THE KOMSOMOL IN YOUTH OUTREACH
IN THE SOVIET UNION

Nikiforenkova A. M.                                   DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-124-134

Abstract. 

The article examines the role of the All-Union Leninist Young Communist League in educational outreach in the Soviet Union, the process of forming its structure, the transformation of priority areas of activity and organization’s problems in various times.

Keywords:

Komsomol, All-Union Leninist Young Communist League, outreach, the young, student associations, youth movement, youth policy.

С. 124-134

 

NEW RESEARCH IN EDUCATION

 

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ASSESSMENT OF THE COMPETENCIES OF PRE-SERVCE SPECIALISTS IN PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS IN THE FURTHER EDUCATION SYSTEM

Artemova M. A.                                               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-135-140

Abstract.  

To date, institutions of further education face the task of training a competitive specialist with a set of competencies that meet the requirements of the labor market. The measurability of competencies as a subject of learning outcomes control is currently of the highest difficulty both in theoretical and practical terms. The article discusses the mechanisms and stages of assessing the general and professional competencies of pre-service specialists in physical culture and sports in the system of further education. The example of dividing the competencies into elements and the corresponding descriptors of their assessment are given. The article presents the requirements for the assessment funds, the procedure for assessing general and professional competencies. The article also considers the assessment of the competencies based on the results of mastering the training cycles of the curriculum according to the data of the accumulative system and the assessment based on the results of specially organized tests.

Keywords:

further vocational education, assessment of competencies, professional and general competencies, assessment funds, portfolio, a qualifying exam.

С. 135-140

 

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ACADEMIC PERFECTIONISM OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN ONLINE ENGLISH LEARNING 

Filyasova Yu. A.                                            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-141-155

Abstract.  

This paper aims to study forms and causes of academic perfectionism in the context of distance learning on the material of a student survey on the benefits and drawbacks of learning the English language in an online group setting. Methods of research included opinion categorization, content-analysis and quantitative calculation. The results of opinion analysis showed that distance leaning of English creates conditions for developing academic perfectionism, which is expressed through generation of personal intentions to significantly enhance one’s language skills. However, under the conditions of social distance and mediated communication, social interactions become distorted, personal mindset changes, academic motivation decreases, the correlation between the social and individual “I” is modified, the social component in the personal structure is reduced. Academic perfectionism acquires negative signs of procrastination, criticism, lowered performance efficiency, and increased role of a rigid individual personal construct. The intensity of foreign communicative competence development plummets in the distance learning context in comparison with face-to-face training in a group setting due to the lack of organizational and methodological instructions from the teacher’s behalf, time-limits, increased amount of written tasks, limited spoken communication, lowered student involvement in the lesson activity. Learning English as a foreign language implies interactive student work, social roles assumption, and solving communicative tasks during active communication. The most vulnerable aspect of the language activity is speaking, which is only possible through interactive communication; however, it becomes less efficient in distance learning owing to the lack of non-verbal behavior observation and knowledge of social and psychological state of communicants. The online education organization was rather complicated due to problems with the individual technical equipment, an insufficient amount of time for each student, difference in digital levels of students and instructors as program users, mediated communication, psychological distancing and conventionality of social interaction in virtual reality.

Keywords:

perfectionism, distance learning, digital education, digital environment, students, procrastination, self-organization, unsupervised work, the English language, socialization.

С. 141-155

 

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TEACHING ACTIVITY IN THE POST-EPIDEMIC PERIOD: EXPERIENCE AND SOLUTIONS IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Zanina L. V., Li Nannan.                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-156-170

Abstract.  

The article analyzes the issue of improving the professional competence of teachers in the People’s Republic of China on the basis of the results of studies of various categories of citizens and teachers during the epidemic and post-epidemic periods. The socio-cultural and socio-political conditions that determine the changes in the characteristics of the professional competence of teachers are noted. The aim is to describe the content and technological characteristics of the teacher’s activity in the context of the digitalization of teaching in Chinese basic schools. A review of scientific research is conducted to reveal the characteristics of the attitude of teachers, parents and students to the introduction of online education in connection with the outbreak of the epidemic. The factors influencing the implementation of innovative processes in education in the post-epidemic period are determined. The methodological basis of the study is the provisions of the cultural-historical approach. They emphasize the value of education and the position of teachers in the development and formation of the Chinese statehood. The authors describe the “smart class” and “deep education” technologies that are innovative for China. The scientific novelty lies in presenting the experience of Chinese basic schools in improving the qualifications of teachers in the context of implementing the state program “Internet + Education”; the article also presents the requirements for the professional competence of teachers who implement the state program for modernization of education.

Keywords:

professional competence of a teacher, socio-cultural and socio-political conditions, post-epidemic period, informatization of education, “smart class”, modernization of education, professional development of a teacher.

С. 156-170

 

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TOOLKIT AND DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENT OF ADOLESCENT NUTRITION CULTURE AS A BASIC COMPONENT OF THEIR LIFESTYLE

Kolikova E. G., Shibkova D. Z.                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-171-182

Abstract.  

The article presents the results of a study on food culture and eating behavior of adolescents: the observance of diet and dietary intake, food preferences and restrictions, the quality of food consumed. The authors compared the results of surveying students and their parents in order to identify the causes of eating disorders of students. The article makes a comparative analysis of the eating habits of different groups of respondents, separated according to gender and place of residence. The conclusion of the article suggests the way to solve the problem through implementing interdisciplinary links and synthesis of cognitive and transformative activities.

Keywords:

healthy eating, eating behavior, diet, eating habits, eating culture.

С. 171-182

 

 

INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN EDUCATION

 

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PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS WHEN CHOOSING
THE FUTURE PROFESSION

Nazarova A. S., Vishnyakova E. I.,
Barinova S. G.
                                             
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-183-189

Abstract.  

The article analyzes the system of career guidance in different countries of the world. The authors rise the following relevant questions: why nowadays it is important and necessary to provide the schoolchildren with the pedagogical support during career counseling, and what modern advances and approaches will help young people choose the profession of the future.

Keywords:

career guidance, pedagogical support, self-determination, the young, education, professional engagement.

С. 183-189

 

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FORMING THE PEDAGOGICAL COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS AT THE PRE-UNIVERSITY STAGE OF TRAINING IN THE PROCESS OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Rudakova E. A., Leifa A. V.                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-190-200

Abstract.  

The present article discusses the process of forming the pedagogical communicative competence of pre-service teachers studying through implementing the project management into the teaching and educational process of the lyceum under a pedagogical university. The article reveals the topicality of applying the project management method in the teaching and educational environment of the lyceum under a pedagogical university. It also considers types of projects and the features of their implementation in practice in order to form the basic communicative and pedagogical skills of future teachers. The article presents the stages of work on each of the projects and the results of their application, taking into account the psychological and age characteristics of high school students from the position of their formation as future teachers.

Keywords:

pedagogical communicative competence, project management, pre-service teachers, a pedagogical lyceum, an international telecommunication project, an international information project, a creative project.

С. 190-200

 

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REALIZING THE INFORMATION APPROACH TO THE ORGANIZATION OF CAREER GUIDANCE ACTIVITIES IN THE PROPAEDEUTIC COURSE OF PHYSICS

Begasheva I. S.                                               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-201-209

Abstract.  

The article deals with an important to-date issue of the vocational guidance of secondary school students. According to numerous surveys and studies, the secondary school students have almost no knowledge about the real needs and existing demand in the labor market. This is followed by a random choice of profession, which entails wasting energy with unclear results, which further leads to unnecessary loss of time and deterioration of the student’s self-esteem. Considerable attention in the article is paid to the realization of the information approach to organizing the career guidance activities in the propaedeutic course of physics in grades 5–6. The practical significance of the article lies in the fact that it considers the creation of a virtual career guidance excursion to acquaint students with reliable information about modern professions, educational institutions and organizations that provide jobs, the needs of the modern labor market.

Keywords:

basic general education, vocational guidance for students, digital educational environment.

С. 201-209

 

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COMPONENTS OF STUDENT MOTIVATION DEVELOPMENT TO PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES IN DISTANCE LEARNING

Tsyganenko O. S., Markova O. A.,
Velichko T. I., Smirnov A. G.
                      
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-210-215

Abstract.  

The authors of the article attempt to generalize the experience of the faculty members of the Department of «Physical Culture and Sports» of Bauman Moscow State Technical University in the context of transition to distance learning, during the quarantine measures introduced during the pandemic of coronavirus infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The results of the study are presented, on the basis of which recommendations are given to university lecturers on the purposeful development of motivation in the educational and training activities of students under the lockdown conditions. The mutual influence of motivation on the results of online learning is proved. The gender features when forming the students’ motivational components are revealed. Possible promising areas of cooperation with students in educational and training activities in the format of distance learning are presented. The main features of the organization of distance learning and the prospect of introducing distance technologies into the educational process of physical education of students at the present stage are described. This study data should be considered for the successful implementation of the professional and applied training in physical education of students of technical universities.

Keywords:

students, pandemic, distance learning, physical education and sports, components of motivation development, motivational training.

С. 210-215

 

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PARAMETERS OF STUDENTS’ INDEPENDENT WORK AS THE CRITERIA FOR DETECTING THE INFORMATION AND EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT

Shaposhnikova T. L., Tedoradze T. G.,
Vyazankova V. V.
                                            
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-216-226

Abstract.  

The article considers the relationship between the parameters of independent work of students and the characteristics of the university information and educational environment. The authors have substantiated that the parameters reflecting the independent work of students characterize, first of all, such aspects of the information and educational environment as its modality, breadth, intensity, dominance, coherence, safety and effectiveness, which is due to the fact that the factors of success of independent work are the same as the educational process as a whole. The theoretical significance of the results of this study is that they can be the basis for further scientific understanding of the issue of the effectiveness of independent work of students; the practical significance is that they can be used in systems of socio-pedagogical monitoring (monitoring the quality of education and the effectiveness of the educational environment).

Keywords:

student, independent work, information and educational environment, interrelation, parameters.

С. 216-226

 

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ELECTRONIC LABORATORY RECORDS ON INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
IN LMS MOODLE SYSTEM

Artemkina Yu. M., Shcherbakov V. V.,
Artemkina I. M.
                                           
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-227-241

Abstract.  

In the distance learning system LMS Moodle, an electronic laboratory records system for the discipline “General and Inorganic Chemistry” has been developed and tested in the educational process, which is aimed at first-year undergraduate and specialty students of the Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology. The electronic laboratory records include the performance of 11 laboratory works on the chemistry of elements and their compounds by students in the assessment model. The LMS Moodle system also contains a bank of 654 questions for the protection of laboratory works.

Keywords:

digitalization of education, LMS Moodle system, distance learning, blended learning, computer testing, electronic laboratory records, general and inorganic chemistry.

С. 227-241

 

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STUDYING PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE PERSONALITY OF A CADET
OF EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS OF THE FEDERAL PENITENTIARY SERVICE
OF RUSSIA IN THE CONDITIONS OF A PANDEMIC: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

Paulkina D. P.                                              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-242-250

Abstract.  

The article discusses the features of distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, notes the positive and negative aspects of the distance learning. The analysis of the scientific problems that researchers faced when working with cadets of law enforcement agencies during the COVID-19 pandemic was carried out. Special attention is paid to the organization of the educational process of cadets of educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. The problems of using some diagnostic methods in Google Forms are revealed, an example of studying the individual characteristics of a cadet’s personality using the Test of «Life Orientations» by D. A. Leontiev in Google Forms is given. In conclusion, the importance of working towards improving the methods and techniques of working with cadets in a remote format using Google Forms is noted.

Keywords:

pandemic, distance learning, cadet, educational environment, psychological features, Google Forms.

С. 242-250

 

 

YOUNG SCIENTISTS’ VISION

 

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ANALYSIS OF FACTORS OF FORMING THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND MANAGERIAL COMPETENCE IN MILITARY PERSONNEL

Nuyftin E. V.                                             DOI10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-251-261

Abstract.  

The article analyzes the requirements for the level of vocational education, the state order to form the organizational and managerial competence of military personnel. The relevance of the study is revealed through the characterization of the professionalism of military personnel and officers especially, their overcoming difficulties in adaptation and qualitative implementation of managerial activities. The importance of these requirements is reflected in the federal state educational standards of higher education and departmental qualification requirements for graduates of military institutions. The research on the qualitative development of the organizational and managerial competence focuses on its determining factors. The identified factors make it possible to adjust the process of educational activity, directing it to the use of individual design tools. The article reveals the scientific works of scientists and teachers that aim to investigate the causes and conditions of forming the organizational and managerial competence. Based on the analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, guidance documents, and reports, the author substantiates the developed classification of factors, highlighting internal and external ones. The study reflects the reasoned content of the proposed classification of the competence formation factors. The internal factors include psychological characteristics, cognitive-reflexive abilities and leadership qualities. The external factors include a political and economic factor, an educational factor, environment and spiritual and moral values. These factors contribute to the selection of high-quality means of the competence formation.

Keywords:

the competence formation, organizational and managerial competence, factors of formation, internal and external factors, the content of factors, vocational education, state order, competitiveness.

С. 251-261

 

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TEAChING ENGLISH WITH THE HELP OF THE “MOODLE” ON-LINE SERVICE
(MOBILE APPLICATION) IN A MEDICAL SCHOOL

Sharipova F. I.                                         DOI10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-262-274

Abstract.  

The article provides a scientific rationale for the possibility of using the online service Moodle (mobile version) in English classes at medical schools. The author investigates the possibility of using mobile learning when teaching English in medical schools. Lecturers of the «Foreign languages» department and students of the «Pediatrics» faculty of Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute took part in the study. The research tools were reviews and focus group discussions of students’ work and interviews with lecturers. The thematic analysis of the interviews showed that the lecturers were using Moodle as a way to minimize distance learning, to compensate students’ absences due to the COVID-19 pandemic, to increase professional learning of English, and to increase motivation of underachieving students. Focus group discussions, case studies, and reviews of students’ work on the Moodle online service showed that students found this way of learning easy, interesting, and useful. According to the results, students’ online or offline participation does not affect their performance and grades, except for the question about the appropriateness of the method, while their motivation and professional interest affect their grades; at the same time the opinion of advanced students outweighs the opinion of basic students about the MOODLE online service.

Keywords:

education, institution of higher education, online service, Moodle, learning environment, motivation for learning.

С. 262-274

 

 

 

 

Sunday, 20 March 2022 00:00

PROBLEMS OF MODERN EDUCATION 2022 № 1

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PROBLEMS OF MODERN EDUCATION

№ 1-2022

CONTENTS

 

 

Philosophical Sciences 09.00.00 

 

HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY

 

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EUROPEAN CONSERVATISM AND NATURE STUDY: “FAUSTIAN” IDENTITY

Tagirov Ph. V.                                                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-9-22

Abstract. 

The stability and definiteness of one’s identity in the “liquid modernity” cannot be fully achieved by appealing exclusively to one or another form of social community and requires searching for deeper, anthropological foundations. Such anthropological foundations imply the correlation of a person with nature and, as a consequence, a certain understanding of it. Nature is not defined primarily as an external object for the human user, but acts as a unity, into which the man is organically included, or is sanctified and sacralized as part of the cosmos, or even viewed together with the man as a projection of a transcendent metaphysical order. The article deals with various approaches to understanding and cognition of nature, proposed by representatives of conservative thought in continental Europe in the XX – early XXI centuries. The article examines the question of the relationship between ecological practice and the anthropological foundations of the human worldview, the traditional conservative vision of the human order as organic, the historical role of the Christian attitude to nature from the point of view of conservative thinkers, and, finally, Spengler’s understanding of the connection between Western nature study and the «Faustian» European soul. The theoretical basis of this study is the works by O. Spengler, E. Jünger, M. Eliade, A. Mohler, C. Schmitt, H. Freyer, A. de Benoist, G. K. Kaltenbrunner, A. M. Rutkevich, S. V. Artamoshin and others. The study is based on the principles of discourse analysis, comparative, socio-philosophical, philosophical-historical and historical-philosophical methodology.

Keywords

anthropology, European identity, conservatism, nature, tradition, ecology.

С. 9-22

 

ONTOLOGY AND EPISTEMOLOGY

 

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PROBLEM METHOD IN IMPLEMENTING A CRITICAL THINKING PROJECT

Sukhanova N. P.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-23-30

Abstract. 

The developing educational project “Logic and Critical Thinking”, in relation to which the search for its subject area continues, is considered in order to analyze the results of the practice of implementing the problem method. Teaching critical thinking with a focus on the problem-activity paradigm of knowledge translation presupposes the cultivation of the research education. Attention is focused on the issues of personal search and students’ own achievement, overcoming the constraining influence of authority. The mechanisms of activation of independent thinking, the resolution of emerging difficulties, which develop into the experience of reflection and self-reflection, are analyzed. The program for the development of logical and critical thinking skills in combination with the problem method creates conditions for the systematic perception of educational practices by students. The conclusion is drawn about the practical importance of logic in the system of modern education and the need for further study of a logical-oriented program of critical thinking.

Keywords

education, the problem method, training, critical thinking, logic, language.

С. 23-30

 

PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION

 

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PHILOSOPHY AS AN INTEGRAL TOOL FOR DEVELOPMENT OF CREATIVE THINKING

Shimelfenig O. V.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-31-42

Abstract. 

The work shows the leading role of philosophy, first of all, the plot-gaming paradigm for forming always up-to-date competencies: the ability to solve complex tasks; critical thinking; creativity; people management; coordination skills, interaction; emotional intelligence; judgment and decision-making; cognitive flexibility. The plot-gaming methods allow one to integrate into a single training complex a variety of creative technologies, including modern theory of solving inventive tasks. Five specific tasks are considered, on the example of the solution of which a comprehensive plot-gaming strategy of training is demonstrated.

Keywords

philosophy, education, competence, creative activity, thinking, game.

С. 31-42

 

PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

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PRE-COMPREHENSION OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD IN “MENO”: TOPICAL INTERPRETATIONS

Shurunov K. M.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-43-50

Abstract. 

The article examines certain aspects of the historical relationship between the scientific method and mysticism. In order to do that, the scientific method is defined as a combination of the reductionism and the formulation of border conditions. The origins of the scientific method are traced to Plato’s “Meno”. Then the article tackles the modern discussion on the topic of reductionism. The modern science, like Plato, concludes that cataphatic definitions outside of the scientific method are impossible. The question arises: is it possible to create a unified description of nature without any mystical definitions? In conclusion, the article argues that a consistent application of reductionism in an attempt to exclude any mysticism can lead to the mysticism of a different level.

Keywords

scientific method, border conditions, reductionism, cataphatic definitions, Plato, mysticism.

С. 43-50

 

 Psychological Sciences 19.00.00

 

MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY

  

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HOSPITAL SCHOOLS IN THE NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND THE USA: INTRODUCING A STUDENT

Adamyan E. I.                                                  DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-51-59

Abstract. 

The article deals with the organization of education for children who are in a long-term medical care under the educational systems of Great Britain and the USA. The study consists of two parts. The present paper is the first part of the research, in which we consider the ideas about the pupil of the hospital school and their needs, reflected in the legal normative documents of the two countries.

Keywords

children with medical needs, hospital school, special educational needs of a pupil, school reintegration.

С. 51-59

 

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FACTORIAL ASSESSMENT OF THE DYNAMICS OF COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE DURING THE YEAR AFTER CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING

Eremina D. A., Gorbunov I. A.,
Shchelkova O. Yu
.
                                               
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-60-75

Abstract. 

High-tech operations on the heart vessels are associated with the risk of both operational and postoperative complications, in particular, cognitive impairments. In this regard, it is extremely important to develop diagnostic measures aimed at assessing the postoperative cognitive status of patients at the earliest possible stages of treatment and rehabilitation. The aim of the study is to investigate factors potentially significant for a one-year prognosis of the state of the cognitive sphere of patients, including the clinical features of the underlying disease and the specifics of the operation, individual psychological and emotional-personal characteristics of patients, as well as indicators of cognitive functioning. 118 patients were studied; the average age was 59.86 ± 7.31 years. The study was carried out in five stages during the year after the operation using the clinico-psychological method and a set of 10 psychodiagnostic techniques. A system of factors has been developed and described that allows predicting the state of the patient’s cognitive sphere on any day within a year after the operation. A computer program for predicting the state of the cognitive sphere of patients after cardiac surgery (called «CognPrediction») has been developed and patented (certificate of state registration of a computer program No. 2019618523).

Keywords

cognitive functioning, coronary artery bypass grafting, coronary heart disease, psychosocial characteristics; clinical characteristics, emotional condition, anxiety.

С. 60-75

 

PSYCHOLOGY OF LABOR, ENGINEERING PSYCHOLOGY, ERGONOMICS

  

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SEMANTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTEXT: AN ATTEMPT TO CONCEPTUALIZE AND OPERATIONALIZE THE CONCEPT ON THE MATERIAL OF NEGOTIATION

Danilochkina V. V.                                       DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-76-84

Abstract. 

The article attempts to conceptualize and operationalize the concept of «semantic psychological context», which is considered as an independent subject of research, mediating the success or failure of the activities of participants in short-term business negotiations. Methods for measuring the breadth of the semantic psychological context, tested on empirical research, are proposed. Based on the definition of the psychological context by A. A. Verbitsky, the content of the semantic psychological context of the activity of the participants in the negotiations is given, which includes a system of such individual psychological characteristics as emotional intelligence, values, the level of reflexivity and negotiation orientation. The breadth of the context is shown to be a relative indicator that requires comparison with the initial state or the state of the context of another subject of joint activity.

Keywords

the “context” category, the semantic psychological context, breadth of context, operationalization, negotiations, short-term business negotiations.

С. 76-84

 

EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

  

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PLANNING AND CONDUCTING DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES WITH PRESCHOOL CHILDREN: REFLECTION ON THE EXPERIENCE OF STUDENTS TRAINING

Trifonova E. V.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-85-97

Abstract. 

For a long time, the structure of the school lesson was the model of lessons with preschool children. With attempts to implement this particular model, students from teacher training universities begin to master the principles of organizing educational work with preschoolers. However, the modern standard of preschool education and its methodological support set a different principle for organizing educational work, based on the main provisions of Cultural-Historical Psychology and Activity Theory. The new content should be mastered by students of pedagogical universities, but the usual stereotypical attitudes greatly inhibit the process of appropriating new content. In the first article on this topic, we revealed the basic principles of organizing developmental classes with preschoolers, and here, in the second article, the difficulties of developing and conducting such classes by students are analyzed.

Keywords

preschool education, classes in preschool educational institutions, developmental activities with preschool children, activity-based approach in education, Federal State Educational Standard of Preschool Education, pedagogical practice of students.

С. 85-97

 

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DEVELOPING SKILLS OF CRITERIA-BASED SELF-ASSESSMENT OF TASK 39 OF THE UNIFIED STATE EXAM IN ENGLISH

Bogdanova S. Yu., Bozhko K. O.                        DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-98-109

Abstract. 

A task of utmost importance for contemporary schools, especially when preparing for the Unified State Exam, is to increase the students’ independent study. It is impossible to fulfil this task if the learner lacks self-assessment skills to evaluate their own educational activity, and, consequently, lacks adequate self-esteem. We base on the self-assessment of the USE training task to write a personal letter (Task 39). A special course “Write & Check” was designed for the experiment and it proved to be effective. During the course the pupils simultaneously (1) were taught to write a personal letter checking it with the help of a special blank with 20 criteria, and (2) had their self-esteem modified by means of psychological methods. After the formative experiment being carried out, certain reliable, statistically significant differences between the control and the experimental groups were revealed. The results of the written task and self-assessment in the experimental group improved significantly, while in the control group the change was minor. The level of pupils’ psychological self-esteem became consistently adequate. The experiment proves the subject-related self-assessment skills formation to be effective if based of the students’ psychological self-esteem correction.

Keywords

criteria-based self-assessment, psychological self-esteem, critical thinking, psychological and pedagogical experiment, Unified State Exam.

С. 98-109

 

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INDIVIDUAL FEATURES OF THE THINKING ACTIVITY OF YOUNGER SCHOOLCHILDREN IN THE PROCESS OF UNDERSTANDING THE EDUCATIONAL MATERIAL

Shadurko O. V.                                               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-110-122

Abstract. 

The article examines such a topical problem as the study of the individual characteristics of the mental activity of younger schoolchildren in the process of understanding the educational material. Understanding acts as a subject of study in the following humanities: psychology, philosophy, logic, pedagogy, cultural studies, sociology, and hermeneutics. The author found that understanding manifests itself as the creation of a sensory image, getting used to a new idea, explanation, the ability to express thoughts, knowledge in a natural language, finding a common plan, isolating the private, overcoming the paradox, answering a question, analyzing the situation “what could have been, if... ”, the level of mastery of meanings, interpreting the text and what has been read, comprehension of an act or judgment of another person. The object of the research is to study understanding as a mental cognitive process. The subject of the research is the peculiarities of the mental activity of younger schoolchildren in the process of understanding the educational material. The provisions, generalizations, formulations and conclusions contained in the work allow a more in-depth analysis of the modern potential of using the experience of primary school teachers in the use of methods for developing understanding of educational material in children of primary school age.

Keywords

a cognitive process, understanding, the primary school age, thinking, educational material, individual characteristics of primary schoolchildren, a learning process.

С. 110-122

 

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PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF LANGUAGE ANXIETY AND STRATEGIES FOR ITS REDUCTION WHEN TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES TO JUNIOR STUDENTS

Shurygina O. V., Sorokoumova G. V.,
Burova I. V
.
                                                  
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-123-129

Abstract. 

This article deals with the study of junior students’ foreign language anxiety as the most important problem in the learning process. The forms and factors leading to the foreign language anxiety in junior students are considered. The authors underline the importance of developing and implementing of specific strategies aimed to reducing the foreign language anxiety in students. The results of the research, which prove the efficiency of anxiety-reducing strategies, are presented in the article.

Keywords

language anxiety, students, teachers, a foreign language, strategies, motivation, high requirements, assessment.

С. 123-129

 

 Pedagogical Sciences 13.00.00 

    

THEORY OF EDUCATION

 

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BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION FROM THE POSITON OF THE INNOVATIVE EDUCATIONAL PARADIGM

Vishnyakov S. A., Gutorova D. G.                       DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-130-137

Abstract. 

The article describes the goals and objectives of introducing an innovative educational paradigm, which aims to form a creative individual with their information competency. The article also considers the concept of approach in Pedagogy, the phenomenon of the environmental approach as an innovative one, compares and analyzes various principles of environmental education and concludes that the concepts that specify the environmental approach should be unified.

Keywords:

innovation, innovative educational paradigm, approach to learning, training principle, environmental approach, environmental education.

С. 130-137

 

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MORALITY AND JUVENILE DELINQUENCY: THEORETICAL AND APPLIED SUBSTANTIATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP

Kolesov V. I., Kuznetsova I. A.                       DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-138-145

Abstract. 

The article deals with theoretical and applied issues of the formation of moral stability of adolescents, including those who are maladapted and are in the criminal justice system. The problem of juvenile delinquency is still acute at the present time. Maladapted adolescents, generated by distorted principles of upbringing in the family, shortcomings on the part of the education system, do not have a clearly formed value-normative complex and face certain difficulties when adapting to society, which requires the development of a system to form their moral stability.

Keywords:

teenager, personality, education, upbringing, maladaptation, criminality, moral stability, values.

С. 138-145

 

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TOOLS FOR REVEALING AND DIFFERENTIATION OF SOCIAL REQUESTS FOR PROFESSIONAL AND PERSONAL QUALITIES OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATION TEACHERS IN CONDITIONS OF GLOBAL DIGITALIZATION

Izotova E. I., Avdulova T. P., Paramonova M. Yu.,
Sorokina O. A., Surudina E. A
.
                       
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-146-162

Abstract. 

The article substantiates the need to expand diagnostic tools to identify the social requests of the professional community for mediacompetencies and personal qualities of a modern preschool teacher. The authors present a description of the developed multifactorial questionnaire «Personal and professional qualities of a modern teacher of preschool education: perceptions and deficits» and its descriptive statistics. The text provides data on the internal consistency of the copyright questionnaire (calculation of measures of central tendency and variability, measures of the form of distribution) and the results of its testing on a sample of preschool teachers (N1 = 3962). The optimal model for using the scales of the questionnaire for solving applied problems, in particular, for constructing competence matrices and individual professionalization strategies, has been determined.

Keywords:

social request, teacher’s media competencies, digitalization, multifactorial questionnaire, standardization of a diagnostic tool.

С. 146-162

 

 

MODERNIZATION OF EDUCATION

 

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IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECT “SCHOOL YOU CAN TRUST” IN MOSCOW REGION

Boguslavsky M. V., Kim S. V.,
Filatova A. V., Lugov I. A.
                               
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-163-170

Abstract. 

The article discusses the results of monitoring of the implementation of the first stage of the regional project “Schools you can trust” in 2021. The Project has been carried out in Moscow region since 2020. The problems of the Project implementation in schools are being analyzed, recommendations are proposed for eliminating risk factors for achieving the planned results by schools participating in the Project.

Keywords:

schools with low academic results, functioning in difficult social conditions, schools you can trust, regulatory documents of the Project.

С. 163-170

 

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MODERN APPROACHES TO THE CONCEPT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF EDUCATION

Korchak K. I., Krasilnikov V. V.,
Toiskin V. S
.
                                                   
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-171-183

Abstract. 

Modern society is on the threshold of the fourth industrial revolution – industrial and technological restructuring, the engine of which is the achievements of the mankind in the field of information technologies. The ongoing adaptation of the spheres of human activity to fundamentally new technological conditions allows us to speak about the need for transformation of education as a system that ensures the formation of human capital. The lack of a unified position on the principles of the development of education in accordance with modern challenges is an extremely urgent problem of modern pedagogy. The purpose of this study is to establish the principles and essence of the digital transformation of education on the basis of modern scientific approaches and theories. The scientific novelty lies in the formation of a new view on the process of digital transformation of the educational system as a revolutionary transformation of a key social institution through the mutual adaptation of technologies and pedagogical tools. In the course of the study, the potential of the synergetic approach as a fundamental principle of the new educational system is considered. The result of the study is the identification of the digital transformation of education as a purposeful, controlled process of qualitative transformation of the educational system through the mutual adaptation of information technologies, didactics and teaching methods in order to increase the effectiveness of this process.

Keywords:

transformation of education, digital transformation, digital transformation of education, the fourth industrial revolution, educational system, competencies of the XXIst century, industry 4.0, synergetic approach.

С. 171-183

 

 

HISTORY OF PEDAGOGY AND EDUCATION

 

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ON THE HISTORY OF UNIVERSITY PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION IN RUSSIA 

Lubkov A. V., Litvinova I. V.,
Goncharov M. A
.
                                             
DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-184-195

Abstract. 

The article examines the history of the development of university pedagogical education in the pre-revolutionary period. The role and interaction of state and public forces, as well as the activities of Moscow higher women’s courses in the development of higher education and domestic pedagogical education are determined. Special attention is paid to the aspect of the role of personality in history.

Keywords:

university, pedagogical education, state policy, teacher, value culture, private and public initiative, science, education, Moscow Higher Courses for Women, a female teacher.

С. 184-195

 

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MOBILIZING CHILDREN: YOUTH AND THE PATRIOTIC WAR CULTURE

Neumann M.                                                   DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-196-209

Abstract. 

The article discusses the complex interaction between national mobilization during World War I and children, living in Kyiv as a border region of the Russian Empire, which was affected by the war one of the first. The article addresses the following questions: Is there a relationship between age and the reaction of children to the very beginning of hostilities? How did the children themselves form the nascent military culture? Considering these issues, attention is focused on the role of children, their experiences in the rear during the war.

Keywords:

World War I, military culture, children and adolescents, military mobilization, patriotism, children’s experience of war.

С. 196-209

 

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ON THE HISTORY OF “Y. G. GUREVICH GYMNASIUM AND REALSCHULE” 

Romanenchuk K. V.                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-210-220

Abstract. 

This article investigates «Y. G. Gurevich gymnasium and realschule»’s records of teaching staff employment, progress and results of annual exams in the non-classical secondary school and maturity tests results in the gymnasium. It summarizes statistics from previously unknown archive records about graduates of Y. G. Gurevich educational institution of 1900, 1901, 1903. On the example of the “Y. G. Gurevich gymnasium and realschule”, the article reveals features of business relationship between the owner and headteacher of the private school and the trustee of the educational district.

Keywords:

Y. G. Gurevich gymnasium and realschule, I. F. Stravynsky, maturity test, final exams, educational district trustee.

С. 210-220

 

 

NEW RESEARCH IN EDUCATION

 

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METHODS OF TEACHING BILINGUAL CHILDREN BY MEANS OF EDUCATION THROUGH PLAY TECHNIQUES

Bryantseva M. V., Murzakova O. G.                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-221-235

Abstract.  

The article reveals possibilities of using education through play techniques when teaching the Russian language and foreign (English) language to primary school students as a tool to study the grammar of languages and to develop bilingualism. In the course of the pedagogical experiment, we analyzed education through play techniques to study grammar of the Russian and foreign (English) languages in primary school. We also determined the importance and significance of the use of linguistic games for the development of bilingualism within children, identified the essence and tasks of bilingualism, as well as the patterns and principles of the development of bilingualism in primary school children.

Keywords:

bilingual children, grammar, the Russian language, the English language, bilingualism, linguistic grammar training methods, education through play techniques, the primary school age.

С. 221-235

 

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REALIZATION OF THE VALUE OF HEALTH PRESERVATION BY STUDENTS OF
A MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

Biryukova N. V.                                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-236-246

Abstract.  

The article examines the components of the value attitude to health. 537 students of the Resource Center “Medical Sechenov Pre-University” and 153 first-year students of the Sechenov University have answered a questionnaire. The main attention during the survey was paid to the components of health-preserving activity, as well as to the principles of formation of the health-preserving position. The article also considers the components of students’ readiness for health preservation. The results of the study indicate an unformed health-preserving position and value-based attitude to health preservation among young people.

Keywords:

health-preserving, a healthy lifestyle, students, the health-preserving position.

С. 236-246

 

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THE “DETERMINATION OF TOXIC ELEMENTS IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS” COMPETENCY

Grigoryeva M. V.                                            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-247-258

Abstract.  

The plant products have a direct influence on the nation’s health, so its security is an important task set before the agricultural sector. One of the key safety indicators of the plant products is the grade control of toxic elements. Thus, the agro-industrial complex needs trained experts who can credibly quantify the chemical elements that show the toxicity behavior. The article examines pedagogical conditions of forming the competency of determination of toxic elements in plant and other agricultural products. The structure of methods of the competency formation is given. The content of the competency is defined according to the modern achievements in science and practice in this subject area. The sequence of mastering the competency components by students is provided. As the result, the following types of pedagogical conditions, which were put to an evaluation test in the Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K. A. Timiryazev, were distinguished: motivation- and value-based (orientation to search for harmonious ways of the nature and man interaction), cognitive (the system of theoretical and applied knowledge that define the graduate’s readiness and ability to carry out analytic quantitation of toxic metals), pragmatistic (provision of a sufficient amount of experience of practical activity to make the skills to do the sampling, sample preparation, instruments measuring, and results interpreting formed), material and technical (modern laboratory facilities, university subdivisions, electronic and information environment).

Keywords:

control of heavy metals content in agricultural products, training students in Master’s programs, competency-based approach, quality control test of plant products.

С. 247-258

 

 

INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN EDUCATION

 

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DIGITAL COMMUNICATION CULTURE WHEN MANAGING AN EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION

Tetina S. V.                                               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-259-267

Abstract.  

The article discusses modern methods of effective management of an educational organization using digital messengers for communication of the entire staff from the head of the teaching staff down. A huge role for forming the integrity of the educational organization as a team of like-minded people is played by the communicative interaction formed on the basis of the internal corporate culture through the communication management. Communication is presented as information interaction of team members on the basis of digital messengers when performing their functional duties for the effective functioning of an educational organization. Various methods of digital communication are presented and described: vertical, horizontal and diagonal.

Keywords:

educational organization, teacher, communication, communication culture, digital communication.

С. 259-267

 

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SPECIAL FEATURES OF TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES TO STUDENTS OF A NON-LINGUISTIC UNIVERSITY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DIGITAL EDUCATION

Chernyaeva I. V. Yakushova E. S.                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-268-283

Abstract.  

The article deals with the issues of using digital technologies in the educational process when teaching foreign languages to students of the financial and economic field of training. The relevance of the proposed research lies in the need to improve the information and communication competence of both students and university lecturers in the conditions of universal digitalization of education. Our research is based on the analysis of both domestic and foreign authors who consider the use of interactive digital tools when studying vocabulary and grammar, when developing speech skills and abilities in a virtual educational environment. In the course of the study, first-year students of the Financial University were polled to find out their attitude to digital and traditional tasks (online testing, online quizzes, language crosswords, essays, presentation) that students performed during the academic year in English classes. The results of comparing the survey data with the actual academic performance of students in each type of tasks, as well as the analysis of the results of independent work of students in the program Rosetta Stone® are of practical interest.

Keywords:

education, distance learning, communication competencies, digitalization, Rosetta Stone, digital services and tools.

С. 268-283

 

 

YOUNG SCIENTISTS’ VISION

 

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ARMED CONFLICTS AND EDUCATION IN WEST AFRICA: IMPLICATIONS
OF THE ARMED CONFLICT IN MALI FOR THE EDUCATION OF WAR-DISPLACED CHILDREN

Mamadu Sissoko.                                         DOI10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-284-294

Abstract.  

Mali has been experiencing an unprecedented armed conflict since 2012, pitting the Malian state against terrorist and separatist groups. This armed conflict has led to a massive displacement of population inside and outside the country. This massive displacement of population with children in various directions has strongly destabilized the Malian education system. The objective of this research is to take stock of the school situation of displaced children; to assess the policy and the assistance and aid system put in place by the Malian State to ensure the education of displaced children; and to propose ways to improve the system in place for the educational support of these children displaced by war in Mali.

Keywords:

armed conflict, atrocities, children displaced by war, refugees, educational assistance system, Mali.

С. 284-294

 

 

 

Sunday, 16 January 2022 00:00

PROBLEMS OF MODERN EDUCATION 2021 № 6

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PROBLEMS OF MODERN EDUCATION

№ 6-2021

CONTENTS

 

 

 Philosophical Sciences 09.00.00 

 

HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY

 

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DISCUSSIONS IN SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY EPISTEMOLOGY: LOCKE AGAINST HERBERT

Sorokina T. B.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-9-15

Abstract. 

The article reveals the contradictions between the supporters of different epistemological approaches – Edward Herbert and John Locke. Locke’s critique of the theory of innate ideas not only reveals the basic arguments of representatives of empiricism and materialism in discussions with opponents, but also allows a deeper understanding of the culture and mentality of English intellectuals of the XVIIth century. On the basis of Herbert’s rationalist theory, the author shows how some cognitive ideas that seemed to have been pushed to the periphery of cognition reveal a new meaning in a new context. The scientific novelty of the study is determined by the expansion of the traditional interpretation of the chapter “Experience on Human Understanding” by Locke, devoted to the ideas of Herbert’s, through the use of the provisions of Herbert’s epistemology.

Keywords

theory of knowledge, innate ideas, D. Locke, E. Herbert, empiricism, rationalism.

С. 9-15

 

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PHILOSOPHICAL IDEAS OF N. V. USTRYALOV IN THE CONTEXT
OF SLAVOPHILE THOUGHT

Skorokhodova S. I.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-16-25

Abstract. 

The article attempts to unpack the philosophical debate between N. V. Ustryalov – the leader of the Smenovekhstvo (Change of Signposts) movement – and Slavophiles, which, as the author of the article considers, brings up these topic most intensely. The main trinary in Ustryalov’s political ontology is distinguished (power, nationalism, religion – which should be based on a creative idea). This trinary is compared with the Slavophiles’ acknowledged trinary (Orthodoxy, nationalism, autocracy). It is shown that, in the “power – people” correlation, Ustryalov gives his preference to power, mystifying and psychologizing it. Power of the state, at the same time, according to the Slavophiles, is the manifestation of the people’s will, resting on the conscious mind which consolidates in churches and universities. It is stated that the major disagreement between Ustryalov and the Slavophiles lay in their attitude to the Orthodoxy. Ustryalov believed that not only religion, but also philosophy could become the spiritual ground for life of society but only if having the creative element. Ustryalov believed in the principle of religious tolerance. The Slavophiles suggested that power should be based on the very spiritual ground that develops historically: independently of it, it is impossible to resist the newfangled ideas that are skillfully driven home to people. It is concluded in the article that, seeing romanticism in the Slavophiles’ doctrine, Ustryalov himself was not devoid of it.

Keywords

power, state, national politics, Slavophiles, Ustryalov, tolerance, the national idea, a creative idea, the evil art, pechalovanie.

С. 16-25

 

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SHESTOV AND SHAKESPEARE

Florova V. S.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-26-34

Abstract. 

The paper is concerned with a special role, which Shakespeare and interpretation of his work played in the philosophical reflections of L. I. Shestov. Being an existentialist, personalist and philosopher of life, Shestov rejected not only positivist philosophy in all of its forms, but also philosophy as a system in general. And in this matter Shakespeare was perceived by Shestov as the principal ally. Shestov’s approach to the work and personality of Shakespeare shows a peculiar substitution of the text with its interpretation: Shestov’s attitude as a reader is declared to be the attitude set by the text itself. This approach does not contradict Shestov’s philosophy: in his opinion, Shakespeare, the creator, should not be analyzed but perceived through the reader’s personal experience. According to Shestov, it is the analysis that attempts to squeeze poetry into the framework of the scientific discourse kills the poetic text.

Keywords