MIDDLE LEVEL PHILOSOPHY AND ITS ROLE IN MODERN EDUCATION

Chashchin E. V.                                                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-4-9-22

Abstract. 

In the context of this study, we propose one of the options for resolving the emerging contradictions through the development of the principles of reflexive critical thinking of students capable of a more balanced and adequate assessment of both objective and artificially created potential hotbeds of tension. The theoretical basis for this task can be provided by middle-level philosophy. It is an interdisciplinary concept that differs from similar ones, for example, in the nature of understanding non-philosophical concepts with the help of philosophy, actively using the comparative method and a systematic approach.

Keywords: 

С. 9-22

SPECIFICS OF HERMENEUTIC PRACTICES IN THE METHODOLOGY OF SOCIOCULTURAL COGNITION: ABILITY OF UNDERSTANDING MODEL AND THE EXISTENTIAL-HERMENEUTIC RELATIONSHIP

Scoliar Ju. N.                                                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-4-23-31

Abstract. 

The article is devoted to the study of the principles and tools of hermeneutical practices in the description and study of socio-cultural processes. A hermeneutic model the ability of understanding is presented, the content of which reflects both the personal-individual context of meaning, as well as the socio-cultural, intersubjective, aimed at understanding the other and representing an existential-hermeneutic relationship.

Keywords: 

С. 23-31

DEVELOPMENT OF COMPETENCIES OF THE HEAD OF A GENERAL EDUCATION ORGANIZATION

Ignatiev V. P., Doktorov A. V.,
Tyaptirgyanov F. V.                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-4-56-66

Abstract. 

The article is devoted to the study of issues of management of a general education organization in modern conditions. Currently, the development of the educational sphere is facing a number of significant challenges based on the introduction of new trends, among which digitalization, globalization, uncertainty and unpredictability of the external environment play a significant role. In this regard, the burden on heads of educational organizations, who need to take into account all these trends in their work, increases significantly. The authors have listed and revealed the main professional competencies that a modern head of an educational organization should possess. The article considers the list and quantifies the labor functions reflected in the professional standard of the head of an educational organization, provides specific examples of the number and name of positions of deputy heads of educational organizations to whom individual labor functions are delegated. The article is a study reflecting what professional competencies a modern head should possess for the sustainable functioning and development of a general education organization in conditions of uncertainty.

Keywords:

general education organization, trends in the education system, professional competencies, head of a general education organization.

С. 56-66 

SCHOOL OF THE UNIFIED GERMANY IN THE MIRROR OF THE 1990s – early 2000s REFORMS

Navоlokina M. S.                                        DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-4-67-77

Abstract. 

The article examines the transformation of school education in Germany after the reunification of the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and the German Democratic Republic (GDR) in 1990. It traces the main stages of the East German school’s integration into the education system of the FRG: the restructuring of school types in the new German states in 1990–1993, the de-ideologization of curricula, the reform of child and youth welfare legislation (SGB VIII), and Germany’s accession to the international sustainable development agenda. The article shows how the results of the international comparative studies TIMSS (1995) and PISA (2000) changed the public debate on the quality of the German school and triggered the reforms of the early 2000s – the creation of national educational standards and the expansion of all-day schooling.

Keywords:

German reunification, school education in Germany, school reforms, new German states, TIMSS, PISA, Standing Conference of the Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs (KMK).

С. 67-77 

PROBLEMS OF UNIVERSITY EDUCATION ON THE AFRICAN CONTINENT: HISTORICAL AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

Cherkasova M. N.                                              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-4-78-90

Abstract. 

The formation of modern European education in Africa is associated with the end of the 18th and 19th centuries, with the period of the formation of the colonial empires of the leading European countries. The paper provides an analysis of the current state of higher education in the countries of the continent based on scientific research and statistical data from the world rankings. It has been revealed that the quality of modern primary education has a negative impact on the development of university education. Correct goal setting in the field of education involves a primary focus on the development of secondary specialized education, rather than higher education. Such gradual development and qualitative overcoming of educational levels (completion of cycles) can serve as an incentive for the formation of a sustainable and in-demand system of higher education for the young population of the continent.

Keywords:

university education, higher education, secondary vocational education, Africa, ranking.

С. 78-90

ORGANIZATION OF MILITARY AND PATRIOTIC EDUCATION IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS USING THE EXAMPLE OF THE DEEDS OF THE CONTEMPORARY DEFENDERS OF THE FATHERLAND

Sergeyev N. N., Smerdowa E. A.                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-4-91-101

Abstract. 

In the article, the authors examine the issue of organizing military-patriotic education in higher educational institutions. Currently, this issue has not been adequately addressed in the educational processes of most universities. The solution to this problem will be based on the implementation of patriotic education classes in the educational practice, focusing on discussions of the heroic deeds of the defenders of the Fatherland. The article will primarily focus on the heroic deeds of young people who are the same age as most modern students.

Keywords:

military-patriotic education, special military operation, pedagogical blocks, student training.

С. 91-101 

CONDITIONS FOR ORGANIZING AND METHODS OF IMPLEMENTING PATRIOTIC EDUCATION FOR SCHOOLCHILDREN IN RUSSIA AND VIETNAM

Nguyen Ngoc Nhu Du.                                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-4-102-118

Abstract. 

The article analyzes the conditions and methods of organizing patriotic education in Russia and Vietnam. The focus is on the socio-political conditions, infrastructure, media, and educational environments in the two countries. The article also clearly presents the characteristics and advantages of direct, indirect, and practical teaching methods, demonstrating the importance of patriotic education for schoolchildren. The author seeks to identify the similarities and differences in patriotic education of the two countries, which serve as the basis for developing new, more effective methods for organizing patriotic education in today’s context.

Keywords:

patriotic education, organizational characteristics, educational methods, schoolchildren, Russia, Vietnam.

С. 102-118 

LEARNER AUTONOMY AS THE BASIS FOR INFORMAL EDUCATION IN THE LANGUAGE SPHERE

Lukina Ya. E.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-4-119-129

Abstract. 

The article presents a historical and pedagogical analysis of the evolution of the concept of learner autonomy within the context of informal language learning in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. It traces the transformation of this concept from the skill of self-organization to the role of the learner as an architect of their own educational trajectory. The historical and theoretical foundations for this transformation are explored, including ideological critiques of formal education (P. Freire, I. Illich), psychological justifications (Self-determination theory by E. Deci and R. Ryan), and contemporary education philosophy (connectivism of J. Siemens and S. Downes). Special attention is given to the gradual development of tools that have expanded autonomy opportunities, ranging from audio recordings and early computer programs to interactive online communities, mobile apps, and modern AI-powered virtual reality environments. Each stage is considered in terms of expanding the student’s autonomy. In conclusion, key challenges and risks associated with hypertrophied autonomy are systematized (digital inequality, dehumanization, superficiality of knowledge), promising development vectors are identified that link further development of autonomy with the development of meta-skills and ethical, personalized educational technologies.

Keywords:

learner autonomy, informal language education, digital age, lifelong learning, theory of connectivism, theory of self-determination, personal learning network, digital tools.

С. 119-129 

APPROACHES TO CONSTRUCTING A SYSTEM OF INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT OF THE RESULTS OF EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN RUSSIAN PEDAGOGY OF THE FIRST QUARTER OF THE 21st CENTURY

Boguslavsky M. V., Milovanov K. Yu.            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-4-130-138

Abstract. 

The article is devoted to the study of the process of determining approaches to the integral assessment of the educational performance of secondary school students in Russian pedagogy of the first quarter of the 21st century. The article describes the retrospective experience of developing a system of integral external assessment of the educational performance of secondary school students. A typologization of the leading approaches to evaluating the results of educational activities in the general education system is presented. Based on a holistic analysis, proposals have been formulated for the formation of a system of integral assessment of the educational performance of secondary school students in the context of modern state educational policy.

Keywords:

educational policy, general education system, an integrated approach to assessing the results of educational activities of secondary school students, integral assessment of the results of educational activities of secondary school students, quality of education.

С. 130-138 

REGIONAL SPECIFICS OF ORGANIZING SPECIALIZED PSYCHOLOGY AND PEDAGOGY CLASSES WITHIN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM OF THE FAR EASTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT

Shubina T. V., Yaremtchuk S. V.,
Gerasimova Ch. N., Kovalenko A. A.               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-4-139-150

Abstract.  

This article analyzes the organization of specialized psychology and pedagogy classes (SPPCs) in the regions of the Russian Far East (Khabarovsk Krai, Primorsky Krai, Sakhalin Oblast, and Kamchatka Krai). Based on a survey of 208 teachers from 104 schools, the study identifies key challenges faced by educational institutions. These include low student motivation to choose the teaching profession, alongside organizational, motivational, methodological, and staffing difficulties. The research determines the forms of work with SPPCs that educators prioritize and identifies the most in-demand training courses. The article also outlines teachers’ expectations of university support in organizational, event planning, methodological, and mentoring areas. The findings emphasize the necessity of accounting for regional specifics and fostering systemic collaboration between schools and universities to enhance the effectiveness of SPPCs.

Keywords:

С. 139-150

ROLE OF THE FAMILY IN THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF SELF-ORGANIZATION OF A PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENT

Khaustova I. V.                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-4-151-159

Abstract.  

The article examines the role of the family as the primary educational environment in the formation of self-organization of primary school children. Self-organization in pedagogy and psychology is understood as a child’s ability to set goals, plan activities, and monitor their results. It is noted that this quality plays an important role in the educational and daily life of a primary school student. Particular importance in its development belongs to the family environment, in which the foundations of self-regulation and responsibility are laid. Based on the analysis of psychological and pedagogical research (2019–2024) and the results of a survey of parents (N = 67), family factors that may influence the formation of planning skills, self-control and responsibility of younger schoolchildren have been identified. These factors include having a clear daily routine, joint planning of activities, limited screen time, and parents demonstrating self-organization skills. The typology of parental strategies that promote or hinder the development of self-organization is presented, as well as methodological techniques for organizing joint activities of parents and children. The data obtained can be used in the practice of psychological and pedagogical support of the family.

Keywords:

С. 151-159

FORMATION OF DIALOGUE AND POLYLOGUE SKILLS IN RUSSIAN OF LEVEL B1 STUDENTS IN AN UZBEK SCHOOL

Nabieva Z. M., Abdullayeva S. N.                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-4-160-170

Abstract.  

The article presents the results of a study aimed at developing dialogue and polylogue skills in Russian among Uzbek school students who have reached the B1 language proficiency level. Based on the analysis of typical errors caused by Uzbek-Russian interference, a methodology for teaching dialogic and polylogical speech has been developed, taking into account the structural and typological differences between the Uzbek and Russian languages. The academic novelty of the research lies in the creation of a system of exercises that integrates a corrective component to overcome the interfering influence of the native language and the formation of socio-cultural competence. Experimental training conducted on the basis of secondary school № 24 in Chust, Namangan region (35 students in grades 8-9, duration – 4 months) showed an increase in the level of formation of dialogical skills in the experimental group by 34% compared with the control group. The results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed methodology and the possibility of its application in Uzbek schools.

Keywords:

С. 160-170

FROM HEALTH-IMPROVING PHYSICAL CULTURE TO PEDAGOGY OF ACTIVE HEALTH FORMATION OF CHILDREN

Rodin Yu. I., Egorov G. A.                        DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-4-171-182

Abstract.  

The article presents the main provisions of pedagogy of health improvement of senior preschool and primary school children. Modern literary sources from the field of health-improving physical culture and developmental psychology were analyzed, which allowed to determine the health of a child, who is in the conditions of dynamic balance of developing somatics, psyche, personality; to develop a model of active formation of health of 5–9-year-old children, based on the ideas of continuity of preschool and school physical education, enrichment of developing and health-forming activities of students through the fusion of educational environments of a preschool educational institution, primary school, centers of early physical development and children’s and youth sports schools.

Keywords:

С. 171-182

FROM “INTERFACE CONSUMER” TO “EXPERIENCE AUTHOR”: “DOLL” AND “MASK” AS CATEGORIES OF DIGITAL DIDACTICS IN HIGHER EDUCATION

Markov A. V., Shtayn O. A.                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-4-183-192

Abstract.  

The article addresses the problem of transforming pedagogical approaches in higher education in the context of the digitalization of culture. The authors propose a theoretical and methodological synthesis of Lev Manovich’s concepts of soft culture, Steven Shaviro and Sara Ahmed’s affective economy, and Lisa Gitelman’s media-archaeological approach, operationalizing it through the categories of the “doll” (a digital intermediary object) and the “mask” (an interface template). The article argues that the modern student exists in the space of “cultural software”, acting simultaneously as an object of algorithmic modeling and a subject of affective experience embedded in historical media practices. The goal of the proposed approach is to overcome a passive consumer attitude towards digital tools and to develop critical and creative agency in students. Based on the theoretical synthesis, a didactic model “Deconstruction of the doll, design of the mask” is developed and described in detail, including extended stages of critical analysis and creative production with specific methodological recommendations. The model is proposed within a set of interrelated pedagogical techniques (glitch practice, “affective diary”, analysis of the “affective trace” of interfaces, “platform archaeology”, creation of a “concept doll” and “critical mask”) aimed at developing digital literacy, critical thinking and skills in designing educational interfaces. The conclusion is made about the productivity of the proposed categories for the formation of pedagogy that meets the challenges of post-cinematographic, software-mediated reality, taking into account its historical materiality and socio-affective dimension.

Keywords:

С. 183-192

METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF USING MOBILE APPLICATIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS’ COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE

Norova F. F.                                                   DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-4-193-200

Abstract.  

The aim of the study is to develop and substantiate methodological foundations for the purposeful use of mobile applications in fostering students’ communicative competence, as well as to design a practice-oriented model for their integration into the educational process. The methodology employs a mixed design, including a quasi-experiment with a control group using a pre-post measurement scheme, surveys on technology acceptance indicators, and content analysis of learning artifacts and LMS/messenger log data. The pedagogical intervention was structured around the “communicative goal – collaborative product – public presentation – multimodal feedback” sequence, supported by analytical rubrics. The findings demonstrated a statistically significant increase in the overall communicative competence score in the experimental group compared to traditional instruction, with the most substantial improvements observed in pragmatic and discursive components. Regression analysis confirmed the contribution of perceived usefulness and ease of use of applications to the observed growth, highlighting the importance of organizational support and preliminary guidance.

Keywords:

С. 193-200

CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS OF DESIGN EDUCATION IN THE AGE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Rudova M. A., Zubrilin K. M.                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-4-201-213

Abstract.  

The article examines the influence of the digital educational environment and artificial intelligence (AI) programs on the formation of professional competencies of designers. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the problems faced by educational institutions in the training of future designers: the lack of AI training programs and techniques, the difficulties of combining traditional methods with innovative technologies, partial and haphazard study of individual AI programs in universities, the lack of qualified specialists capable of teaching methods of working with AI. The article analyzes the main design trends and the relevance of the design profession in the modern world. Digital technologies, graphic editors, 3D technologies and artificial intelligence systems that are used by modern designers in their work are considered. The potential of AI is being explored, which already makes it possible to analyze large amounts of information, generate texts, translate text into a visual series, create interior photos and video concepts, however, it reveals a number of shortcomings and errors in the work of AI when generating texts or creating visualizations. The new requirements that the modern labor market imposes on designer graduates in terms of AI skills are being considered. Specific ways of introducing AI into the educational program are proposed: the creation of new AI training methods with the integration of advanced technologies into the educational process, the involvement of qualified specialists capable of teaching methods of working with AI, and the integration of necessary software into the educational process.

Keywords:

С. 201-213

USING EFFECTIVE TECHNIQUES OF INDEPENDENT WORK WHEN STUDYING FOREIGN VOCABULARY AT A POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY

Frolova T. P.                                                   DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-4-214-224

Abstract.  

The main objective of higher education is to form the personality of a future specialist who is capable of self-education and ready for the continuous process of acquiring new knowledge and actively applying it in their professional activities. Based on this, the role of the student in the educational process and the process of organizing the educational process itself are being rethought. The article emphasizes that the trend of reducing the total number of classroom hours and increasing the number of hours allocated for independent study by students encourages teachers to organize the learning process in such a way as to make better use of classroom time and lay the foundation for developing skills of independent acquisition of knowledge and its application in practical activities.

The results of the study show that a methodologically competent development of a foreign language independent work program involves a system of diverse tasks based on the individual development characteristics of both a specific category of students and each individual student. In addition, independent work will be effective if it is based on a clearly defined algorithm of actions for completing each specific task.

This study may be of interest to foreign language teachers and researchers in the field of foreign language teaching methodology.

Keywords:

С. 214-224

BOARD GAMES AS A WAY TO REINFORCE RUSSIAN CASE SYSTEM FOR PERSIAN-SPEAKING STUDENTS

heikhi-Jolandan N., Zangeneh M.                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-4-225-233

Abstract.  

Learning the Russian language, especially its case system, can cause serious difficulties for Persian-speaking students at the initial stage due to the complexity and unfamiliar grammatical constructions and categories. This article examines the potential of board games as an effective pedagogical tool for mastering Russian cases. In particular, the advantages of game-based learning are highlighted, including increased engagement, reduced anxiety, and the consolidation of the case system. This article examines the role of board games in learning Russian as a foreign language.

Keywords:

С. 225-233

MOBILE PLANETARIUM AS AN INNOVATIVE FORM OF DIGITAL EDUCATION IN PRESCHOOL ORGANIZATIONS

Amet-Usta Z. R.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-3-234-242

Abstract.  

The article explores the organization of cognitive and research activities for preschool children using a mobile planetarium as an innovative form of digital education. A mobile planetarium creates an immersive learning environment in which children gain unique experiences of observing and investigating phenomena of nature, space, history, and culture through visualization, sound, and interactive elements. Immersion in this digital environment promotes the development of observation skills, imagination, reasoning, and the ability to ask questions, forming the foundation for early scientific and research thinking.

The author argues that the use of a mobile planetarium in the educational process contributes to the comprehensive development of cognitive skills, emotional engagement, and children’s interest in the surrounding world. The variety of available sessions allows for the creation of situations for observation, exploration, and experiment, ensuring a holistic and continuous process of developing digital educational competence and research skills in preschoolers.

Keywords:

С. 234-242

EDUCATIONAL POLICY IN 1945–1952: TASKS FOR RESTORING THE USSR’S EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IN THE POST-WAR PERIOD

Rozar A. A.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-4-243-250

Abstract. 

This article analyzes the measures taken to restore and modernize the Soviet education system after the Great Patriotic War. It is shown that the efforts of the party and state structures of those years were adequate to the objective demands of society.

Keywords:

Soviet education, educational policy, modernization, modernization of education, USSR.

С. 243-250 

ORGANIZATIONAL COMPONENT OF TEACHER TRAINING IN SPECIALIZED SECONDARY SCHOOL COURSES IN CHINA

Fu Yun.                                                       DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-4-251-264

Abstract. 

The article analyzes systemic problems in secondary school teacher training in China and assesses the potential of the “Dual Mentoring” model as a tool to overcome them. In the context of digital transformation and reforms such as the “double reduction” policy, the traditional teacher training system is facing a number of challenges: a persistent gap between theoretical education in universities and real school practice, organizational disconnection between universities, schools and institutes of advanced training, as well as a chronic shortage of personnel in rural schools. Based on the analysis of statistical data and modern research, such symptoms of the crisis as increasing staff turnover, a decrease in the authority of teachers and an increase in unproductive administrative and disciplinary burden have been identified. As a solution, the “Dual Mentoring” model is proposed, the key advantage of which is the creation of an integrated educational environment through the tandem support of a future teacher by a university mentor and a school practicing teacher. It is proved that this model is capable of directly bridging the theoretical and practical gap, strengthening coordination between institutions and adapting staff training to the specifics of rural schools. In conclusion, a set of guidelines for the implementation of the model is presented, including the legislative consolidation of the mentor status, the launch of pilot projects and the development of appropriate educational and methodological complexes.

Keywords:

teacher training, China, the “Double Mentoring” model, theoretical and practical gap, teacher education, rural schools, mentoring, professional competencies, education reform, teacher turnover.

С. 251-264